Bronzy Hermit
Glaucis aeneus
Medium-sized hummingbird with a long curved bill and black-and-white striped face pattern. Clean buffy below. Look for tail pattern: all tipped white, with rufous base to outer tail feathers. Does not have elongated central tail feathers like some hermits. Moves fast, usually only seen for a few seconds at a patch of flowers. Prefers forests and edges.
识别特征
The bronzy hermit is 9 to 10 cm (3.5 to 3.9 in) long. Males weigh 3 to 6.5 g (0.11 to 0.23 oz) and females 3 to 6 g (0.11 to 0.21 oz). The male's bill is decurved and the maxilla has serrated edges. The female's bill has more curve and no serrations. The sexes' plumages are alike, with bronzy or coppery green upperparts, deep buff thoat and breast, and pale buff belly. The face has a white "moustache" and is otherwise dusky. The upperside of the tail is gray-green with white tips and the underside reddish near the body, blackish in the middle, and white at the tips. The Central American population has slightly longer wings than the South American but their plumages are identical.
分类信息
The bronzy hermit and the rufous-breasted hermit (G. hirsutus) have been considered conspecific but now are treated as a superspecies. The bronzy hermit is monotypic although the separate Central and South American populations have sometimes been treated as subspecies.
- 学名
- Glaucis aeneus
- 命名信息
- Lawrence, 1868
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Glaucis
分布与栖息地
The bronzy hermit has two separate populations. One is found from eastern Honduras through eastern Nicaragua and eastern and western Costa Rica into western Panama. The other is found from western Colombia into northwestern Ecuador as far south as Pichincha Province. The species inhabits semi-open landscapes such as disturbed primary forest, mature secondary forest, swamp forest, and shrublands. In elevation it occurs from sea level to 750 m (2,500 ft) in Costa Rica and 800 m (2,600 ft) in Colombia.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The bronzy hermit is believed to be non-migratory throughout its range.<p>The bronzy hermit feeds on nectar at Heliconia and other plants. Small arthropods are also eaten; the latter are usually hover-gleaned from spider webs, leaves, and twigs, and occasionally caught in flight.<p>The bronzy hermit's breeding season varies geographically by has not been fully defined. Its nest is a cone-shaped cup made of plant fibers bound with spider web and decorated with lichens, attached to the underside of a drooping leaf. The clutch size is two eggs.<p>The bronzy hermit's song is "a high-pitched descending phrase 'tsee-tsee-tsi-tsi-tsitstitsi' irregularly altered with a series of high-pitched 'seee' notes". Its flight call is "a sharp high-pitched 'tzeeet!'."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Streaked Laughingthrush
Trochalopteron lineatum
Orangey-brown laughingthrush with fine streaking all over the body. Breeds at middle to upper elevations, sometimes descending in the winter. Often found around human habitation; also in forest edge and scrubby or bushy areas. Forages on the ground in pairs or small flocks. Song highly variable, brief but often complex; first note often starts off with a distinct bubbling quality. Gives various high call notes.
Red-legged Kittiwake
Rissa brevirostris
Crisp small gull with very limited range; breeds on rocky cliffs on islands in the Bering Sea, from Alaska to Russia; winters on open ocean. Size and plumage most similar to Black-legged Kittiwake, but back is darker gray, yellow bill is shorter, legs are shorter and bright red, and underwing is darker gray. Nonbreeding birds have a dark smudge around eye and a thin gray ear patch. Young birds are similar to nonbreeding adults but with black bill, duller legs, and more contrasting wing pattern.
Trocaz Pigeon
Columba trocaz
Endemic to the island of Madeira, where it is largely restricted to native laurel and tree heath forests. Body is largely gray with a purple-pink breast, and a noticeable silvery patch with black streaks on the side of the neck. The iris is yellow with a red ring around the eyes. Compare with the only other pigeon on the island, the Rock Pigeon; note differences in structure, color, and habitat preference. Song is a series of very low, groaning coos.
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