Red-breasted Chat
Granatellus venustus
Easily overlooked, warblerlike bird of tropical forest in lowlands and foothills of west Mexico and extreme western Guatemala. Hops around, mainly at low levels in tangled understory, often fanning and waving around its rather long, white-edged tail. Male is striking, with red breast and bold black-and-white head pattern. Female-plumaged birds are seen more often and can be puzzling, but note buffy face and breast with a dark beady eye, mostly grayish upperparts, and white-edged tail.
识别特征
The red-breasted chat is 14.5 to 16 cm (5.7 to 6.3 in) long; 12 specimens weighed between 10.2 and 11.4 g (0.36 and 0.40 oz). The adult nominate male's upperside is mostly bluish gray. Most of the face is black, though it has a broad white supercilium, and there is a black band across the chest. The chin, throat, sides, and flanks are white; the chest, lower breast, belly, and vent area are vermilion. The adult female's upperparts are slate gray. Most of its face is shades of buff and gray. Its breast and belly are buff and the vent area salmon pink.<p>The immature male's head and upperparts are similar to those of the adult but with less black. The throat and underparts are whitish with a pink wash to the rear. The immature female is similar to the adult.
分类信息
The genus Granatellus was traditionally placed in family Parulidae, the New World warblers. Studies of DNA sequences in the early 2000s resulted in its being moved to its present family. The red-breasted chat and the other two members of its genus, gray-throated chat (G. sallaei) and rose-breasted chat (G. pelzelni) form a superspecies.<p>The red-breasted chat has two subspecies, the nominate Granatellus venustus venustus and G. v. francescae.
- 学名
- Granatellus venustus
- 命名信息
- Bonaparte, 1850
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Parulidae
- 属
- Granatellus
分布与栖息地
The nominate red-breasted chat is endemic to western Mexico. It is found year-round from Sinaloa south to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and from there into interior Chiapas and possible into northern Guatemala, though there are no records there. It also occurs inland to Morelos along the Balsas River. G. v. francescae is restricted to Islas Marías off Nayarit. It primarily inhabits thorn forest and scrubby woodland and can be found in the understory of secondary forest and other heavy growth. In addition, the species has been reported in evergreen swamp forest inland of mangrove swamps and along rivers. In elevation it generally ranges from sea level to 1,200 m (3,900 ft) though locally it occurs as high as 1,600 m (5,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Little is known about the red-breasted chat's foraging habits or diet. It is assumed to eat insects and other arthropods.<p>The red-breasted chat breeds in the wet season, from May to September. Its nest is a cup made of Spanish moss and other fibers lined with finer material. The clutch size is two to four. Females alone incubated the nests but both sexes provided food to nestlings.<p>The red-breasted chat's song is a repeated "variable, fairly sweet warble" [1]. Its call is a repeated "wet plek or plik" [2].
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Baudin's Black-Cockatoo
Zanda baudinii
Black cockatoo with white ear patch and white tail panel. Inhabits moist eucalypt forest in the southwestern corner of Western Australia, where it eats seeds from large seed pods of Marri and Karri trees. Unlikely to be observed out on the coastal sand plains of Perth. Very similar to Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoo but with much longer, pointed upper mandible. Calls include mournful wailing cries that are more clipped than those of Carnaby’s.
Philippine Scops-Owl
Otus megalotis
A medium-sized owl of lowland and foothill forest and edge. One of the largest scops-owls. Both grayish and rufous forms occur. The grayish form has a dark brown back with a pale mark behind the shoulder, barred wing feathers, pale grayish underparts with black markings, a pale gray facial disk bordered with a black line, and pale ear tufts forming a V. The rufous form tends to have less patterning. Overlaps geographically with Luzon Scops-Owl, but Philippine is larger and usually found at lower elevation. Voice includes a downslurred whistle “wiuuu,” a slow descending series “kwok kwok kwok,” and a high-pitched hiss.
Variable Seedeater
Sporophila corvina
Small seed-eating bird of humid tropical lowlands; fairly common. Found in grassy and weedy areas and forest edges, often in same places as slightly larger Thick-billed Seed-Finch. In pairs or small flocks, mixing readily with Morelet's Seedeaters and other seed-eating birds. Note stubby bill (unlike Thick-billed Seed-Finch) and plain brownish olive plumage of female (not rich brown like seed-finch). Males in Mexico and most of Central America are black. In southern Central America and South America males have variable amounts of white on the underparts and rump, hence the name.
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