Hoary-throated Spinetail
Synallaxis kollari
A skulking, mostly rufous bird with a gray crown and a white throat bordered by black. Throat pattern and long, rufous tail are distinctive. Occurs only in understory of gallery forest in savanna regions along tributaries of the Rio Branco in northern Brazil and western Guyana. Usually in pairs, which clamber through low vegetation searching for insects. Almost always first detected by voice: a hard, doubled note, often given in alternation by members of a pair, and occasionally extended into a longer series, especially in response to playback. No similar species are likely to occur in same habitat.
识别特征
The hoary-throated spinetail is 14.5 to 16 cm (5.7 to 6.3 in) long. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have grayish lores, dark rufous cinnamon ear coverts, and a rufous streak behind the eye. Their crown is gray-brown and their nape, back, rump, and uppertail coverts bright rufous. Their wings are rufous with dusky tips on their flight feathers. Their tail is rufous. Their throat is dull black with white tips on the feathers. Their underparts are mostly rufous cinnamon with pale ochraceous lower flanks and buffy or pale cinnamon-white in the center of their belly. Their iris is dark reddish brown, their maxilla blackish gray, their mandible blue-gray with a blackish tip, and their legs and feet blue-gray.
分类信息
The hoary-throated spinetail was originally described in genus Synallaxis. In the early twentieth century some authors moved it into the newly created genus Poecilurus. By 2000 the merger of Poecilurus into Synallaxis was generally accepted and a study published in 2011 confirmed that placement. That study also established that the hoary-throated spinetail is a sister species to the white-whiskered spinetail (S. candei) and the rufous-breasted spinetail (S. erythrothorax).<p>The hoary-throated spinetail is monotypic.
- 学名
- Synallaxis kollari
- 命名信息
- Pelzeln, 1856
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Synallaxis
分布与栖息地
The hoary-throated spinetail has a very restricted range in the extreme northern Amazon Basin. It is found only along several tributaries of the Branco River in the Brazilian state of Roraima and Guyana's Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo Region. It inhabits gallery forest along the watercourses, which flow through grasslands called "Lavrado" in Brazil and the Rupununi savannah in Guyana. The total length of the narrow bands it inhabits is less than 600 km (370 mi). It favors dense undergrowth heavy with vines and Inga shrubs.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The hoary-throated spinetail is a year-round resident.<p>Nothing is known about the hoary-throated spinetail's diet or foraging behavior, though it is assumed to feed on arthropods like other Synallaxis spinetails.<p>Nothing is known about the hoary-throated spinetail's breeding biology. It is assumed to build a stick nest similar to those of other Synallaxis spinetails.<p>The hoary-throated spinetail makes a "double-noted 'tuh-tih', the second note higher". It is not known if this is a song or a call.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Large, pale-eyed songbird of lower and middle elevations of montane forests. Male blood red with inky black head and wings and dark bill; female similar but less richly colored. Juvenile brown above, pale with dark stippling below, paler bill, and tawny undertail coverts. Birds in Taiwan and central Vietnam are much brighter red overall. Usually seen in pairs or small flocks, sometimes with mixed-species flocks. Pairs often engage in an ethereal duet: male gives a series of melodic notes, to which the female responds with a long, airy whistle. Also gives harsh, rasping calls.
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