Robust Woodpecker
Campephilus robustus
Huge woodpecker found in humid forests including Araucaria forests. The head is mostly red with a short crest and strong greenish bill. The wings and tail are black, but in flight, the wings are spotted with cinnamon patches above and below. Note the large buff patch on the back and heavy barring below. Males have white ear spots while females have a prominent white moustache.
识别特征
The robust woodpecker is 32 to 37 cm (13 to 15 in) long and weighs 230 to 294 g (8.1 to 10 oz). Both sexes have whitish upperparts with a pale buff or cinnamon tinge. Their scapulars and the wings' coverts and upper surface are black with small rusty-buff spots on the flight feathers' inner webs. The wings' underside is blackish brown with rufous-buff spots on the flight feathers. Their tail is black . Their underparts are buff to whitish buff with black bars that are narrower on the belly. Adult males have an entirely red head and neck with a small black and white spot on the ear coverts. Adult females do not have the covert spot. They do have a wide whitish strip with black edges that extends from the bill to the ear coverts. The adult's bill is a long horn-colored chisel, their iris white to yellow-white, and their legs dark gray. Juveniles resemble adults but are duller and browner; their upperparts are whiter and their underparts have less contrast.
分类信息
The robust woodpecker was for a time placed in genus Scapaneus that was later merged into genus Phloeoceastes that was itself merged into the current genus Campephilus. The robust woodpecker is monotypic.
- 学名
- Campephilus robustus
- 命名信息
- (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1818)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Campephilus
分布与栖息地
The robust woodpecker is found in eastern Brazil from Bahia and Goiás south to Rio Grande do Sul, in eastern Paraguay, and in northeastern Argentina's Misiones and Corrientes provinces. It inhabits intact humid and Araucaria moist forests; it shuns disturbed forest unless large trees remain. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 2,200 m (7,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: rising.
- 种群趋势
- rising
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Bubo magellanicus
Bulky horned owl of highlands from central Peru south to Tierra del Fuego. Note prominent “horns”, black-bordered face, and densely barred belly. Inhabits a wide variety of habitats, from open forests to farm fields and grasslands. Gives a double hoot, “hoohoo!”, sometimes followed by a low churring series. Sometimes active during the day.
White-tipped Quetzal
Pharomachrus fulgidus
Elegant large trogon with a black tail tipped with white below, and lacking a crest. Has golden-tinged green upperparts and breast and bright red belly; bill is yellow. Female has a gray bill, gray-brown lower breast, and white barred undertail with white tips. No overlap with other quetzal species, and larger than other trogons in range. Fairly common in tall mature cloud forest, often alone or in pairs but sometimes in groups at fruiting trees. Perches at medium to high levels in the forest. Song is a loud and melancholic series of “WHOOOou hoo hoou”; call is similar to that of Barred Forest-Falcon.
Saffron-cowled Blackbird
Xanthopsar flavus
Brightly colored blackbird. Males have a black nape and upper back; face, underparts, and rump are yellow tinged with orange. Note the black mask and the yellow shoulder patch. In females the black is replaced by brown. Closely linked to water; found in marshes and natural grasslands, where it mostly forages in flocks on the ground. Declining rapidly.
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