Tawny-crowned Honeyeater
Gliciphila melanops
Small honeyeater of coastal heathland in southern Australia. Brownish above, pale below, with white brow, tan crown, and black cheeks that extend down onto the breast, ending in black stippling. Yellow in primaries and salmon underwing evident in flight. Juvenile brownish above, paler below, with yellow in wing. Call a mournful piping whistle, with some tones recalling Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater.
识别特征
A species of the honeyeater family, perching birds that feed on insects and nectar. Tawny-crowned honeyeaters are sometimes observed hopping amongst plants on the ground to feed, considered as unusual behaviour amongst its near relations. It resembles the eastern and western spinebills and crescent honeyeater, but is distinguished by a tawny-colored crown above a white line separating the black markings of the face. The upper side of the body is a pale brown, becoming white plumage on the lower parts.<p>They possess a long curved bill that is able to reach nectar at the base of flowers, and in some plants they have become the primary pollinator.
分类信息
The tawny-crowned honeyeater was originally described by ornithologist John Latham in 1801 as Certhia melanops. Its specific epithet is derived from the Ancient Greek terms melano- 'black' and ōps 'face'.<p>It was previously classified in the genus Phylidonyris but a recent molecular study has shown it to be more distantly related to members of that genus. It was assigned to a new genus Gliciphila by Gregory Mathews in 1912, and is recognised as the only species of the genus. DNA analysis has shown honeyeaters to be related to the Pardalotidae (pardalotes), Acanthizidae (Australian warblers, scrubwrens, thornbills, etc.), and Maluridae (Australian fairy-wrens) in the large superfamily Meliphagoidea.<p>There are two recognized subspecies of tawny-crowned honeyeater: the nominate Gliciphila melanops melanops and G. melanops chelidonia, an endemic of Tasmania that has a rufous tinge to its plumage.
- 学名
- Gliciphila melanops
- 命名信息
- (Latham, 1801)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Meliphagidae
- 属
- Gliciphila
分布与栖息地
The tawny-crowned honeyeater is found from the North Coast of New South Wales through to the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia, as well as in Victoria and Tasmania. It also occurs in southwest Western Australia from Israelite Bay westwards. Its natural habitat is low shrubland and heath. It has become locally extinct in the urban Sydney area since 1971.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Biak Coucal
Centropus chalybeus
A poorly known, mid-sized coucal endemic to Biak island. All black plumage, distinctive yellow iris, straightish bill and a fierce-looking face. Found in dense forest and secondary habitat at all levels and devilishly difficult to see. The only coucal species found on Biak. Vaguely similar to Torresian Crown, but Biak Coucal is more skulking with longer tail. Quite vocal and heard far more often than seen. Call, a series of deep, upDslurred “wup!” notes given at varying speeds.
Eastern Yellow Wagtail
Motacilla tschutschensis
Attractive ground-dwelling bird. Slender and long-tailed, bright yellow below with paler throat and grayish-olive back; extremely variable. Tail is black with white outer feathers; often pumps tail up and down while walking on the ground. Young birds lack yellow color, but have distinctive head pattern. Often seen near water. Listen for high-pitched, piercing call note. Common breeder on Arctic tundra from Alaska to Russia; found in grassy and waterside habitats in Southeast Asian wintering grounds and in migration.
Montane Nightjar
Caprimulgus poliocephalus
Medium-sized typical nightjar, with a rufous collar. Both sexes have a small pale mark in the outer wing and a large one in the outer tail. The extent of these pale patches varies both geographically and between the sexes. Found in a variety of highland habitats, including forest clearings and edges, grasslands, cultivation, and heath. Call is a distinctive pair of high, tremulous whistles: “chwee-cheeew.” Similar to Fiery-necked Nightjar, but separated by higher-pitched voice, highland habitat, darker overall coloration, and weaker rufous collar.
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