Streak-backed Antshrike
Thamnophilus insignis
Medium-sized, dark gray bird of tepui highland forest and scrub. Male has blackish back and crown with extensive white spots and streaks on wings and tail; note also grizzled white patch on nape. Female is similar but shows rufous in crown. Found in humid forest understory on tepui slopes, generally above 1000 m. Usually in pairs that forage deliberately at lower and middle levels, hopping between perches and peering about slowly in search of insect prey, like other antshrikes. May join mixed-species flocks. Song is an accelerating series of barking notes ending with an emphasis on the higher-pitched final note, similar to song of Barred Antshrike. Extensive white markings should distinguish this species from other antshrikes, none of which occur at higher elevations in the tepui region.
识别特征
The streak-backed antshrike is 16 to 17 cm (6.3 to 6.7 in) long and weighs 22 to 30 g (0.78 to 1.1 oz). Members of genus Thamnophilus are largish members of the antbird family; all have stout bills with a hook like those of true shrikes. This species exhibits slight sexual dimorphism. Adult males of the nominate subspecies have a black crown and nape with a few white feathers on them. Their upperparts are black with a white patch between the scapulars that shows as spots or streaks. Their wings, scapulars, and wing coverts are black with white spots and edges. Their tail is black with white spots and tips on the outer feathers. Their underparts are gray with a somewhat lighter belly. Adult females resemble males in most ways. Their forehead has faint white spots, their rear crown is dark red-brown, and their underparts are somwhat paler than the male's. Males of subspecies T. i. nigrifrontalis are the same as the nominate; females have an entirely black (unspotted) forehead.
分类信息
The streak-backed antshrike has two subspecies, the nominate T. i. insignis (Salvin & Godman, 1884) and T. i. nigrifrontalis (Phelps, WH & Phelps, WH Jr, 1947). The streak-backed and the Acre antshrike (T. divisorius) are sister species.
- 学名
- Thamnophilus insignis
- 命名信息
- Salvin & Godman, 1884
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Thamnophilus
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of the streak-backed antshrike is found on the tepuis where southeastern Venezuela's Bolívar and Amazonas states, extreme western Guyana, and extreme northern Brazil meet; most of that range is in Venezuela. Subspecies T. i. nigrifrontalis is found on the Cerro Sipapo massif in southern Amazonas state. The species inhabits the understorey to mid-storey of humid montane evergreen forest. It favors areas of stunted trees with a dense understorey dominated by Melastoma and Clusia vegetation and also occurs in bamboo thickets and Brocchinia scrub. In elevation it ranges between 900 and 2,000 m (3,000 and 6,600 ft), though it is more common above 1,200 m (3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The streak-backed antshrike is presumed to be a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The streak-backed antshrike's diet has not been detailed but is mostly insects and other arthropods. It usually forages singly and in pairs, mostly between 1 and 5 m (3 and 16 ft) of the ground though sometimes as high as 10 m (33 ft). It hops through vegetation, gleaning prey from leaves, branches, bamboo, and individual vines and vine tangles and captures prey with reaches and lunges from a perch. It occasionally joins mixed-species feeding flocks.<p>Nothing is known about the streak-backed antshrike's breeding biology.<p>Males of the streak-backed antshrike sing "a slowly accelerating, very nasal cunk, cuk cuk-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu-cu 'cu'cu'cucurank"; females sing similarly but at a higher pitch. The species' calls include a variable-length "somewhat downslurred raspy growl" and a "soft squeak or ' peep' ".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Crimson-winged Finch
Rhodopechys sanguineus
A striking, large finch of high altitude rocky slopes. Note the dark crown, brown back and breast, and pink tones in wings and tail, which are easier to see in flight. Bill is heavy and yellowish. Flight call is a nasal "Chip-chip."
Sokoke Pipit
Anthus sokokensis
A rare small pipit found in a limited region of the East African coast, where it is very local in coastal forest. Rich rufous-brown above and white below with bold streaking on the breast. Inconspicuous, spending most of its time on the ground, although it will perch in trees, especially when disturbed. Found in forest, like Tree Pipit, but more richly colored on the back and paler on the face and belly. The call is a high-pitched, descending whistle; the song, given in flight, consists of a simple series of whistles.
Cape Sparrow
Passer melanurus
A handsome, unstreaked, brightly colored sparrow with different-looking males and females. The male has a distinctive black head and throat with a striking white crescent extending from the eye around the ear. The female has a pale gray head with a diffuse pale crescent, similar in shape to the male’s. Pairs and small flocks are resident in a wide variety of natural and human-altered habitats. House and Great Rufous Sparrows have streaked backs and lack the distinctive facial pattern of the Cape Sparrow.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。