Taiwan Partridge
Arborophila crudigularis
Subtly patterned sphere of a bird; the only hill partridge (genus Arborophila) on Taiwan, where endemic. Black-and-white facial pattern is diagnostic, unlikely to be confused with any other native bird. Female’s facial markings slightly weaker than male’s. Forages on the ground in small groups. Inhabits broadleaf and mixed forests in hills and mountains, where it forages quietly in the leaf litter. Gives loud, echoing tremulous songs, usually early in the morning and late in the afternoon. Generally shy but approachable where habituated at feeders.
识别特征
The Taiwan partridge is about 28 cm (11 in) long. The male weighs about 311 g (11.0 oz), and the female weighs about 212 g (7.5 oz). The crown is grey. The head has black sides, and a white eyebrow, chin and patch below the eye. The throat is white, and there is a black half collar. The upperparts are olive-grey with black bars, and there are three grey bars on the rounded, rufous wings. The tail is short and rounded. The underparts are blue-grey, with white streaks on the flanks. The eye is black, with a narrow red ring around it. The beak is blue-grey, and the feet are orange-red. The female bird is similar to the male, but it has fewer streaks on its throat and more streaks on its flanks.
分类信息
Robert Swinhoe described this species in 1864, proposing that it belongs to a new genus, Oreoperdix. The bird had an "ugly raw-looking red patch on the throat". Swinhoe initially thought that the bird was injured, but found that the patch was natural after close examination. The red patch probably exists only in the breeding season. A monotypic species, it is now placed in the genus Arborophila. The specific name crudigularis is from the Latin words for "bleeding" and "throated". A 2015 study suggests that its closest relatives are not in adjacent mainland China, but in south-east Asia, and that they spread along continental shelf areas exposed by lowered sea levels during the ice age.
- 学名
- Arborophila crudigularis
- 命名信息
- (Swinhoe, 1864)
- 目
- Galliformes
- 科
- Phasianidae
- 属
- Arborophila
分布与栖息地
This partridge is endemic to Taiwan, found in the central and eastern mountains. It lives in broadleaf forests, preferring thickets and undergrowth. It is found at elevations of 700–3,000 m (2,300–9,800 ft) above sea level, mainly at 1,500–2,000 m (4,900–6,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Taiwan partridge's voice is a rising and falling series of gurru calls. Duets and choruses are often heard. Single calls are similar to those of the black-necklaced scimitar babbler. It forages in groups of two or three birds, eating earthworms, berries, seeds, seedlings and insects. It breeds from March to August, depending on the elevation, and it nests in a crevice or under a tree. There are six to eight white eggs in a clutch, incubated for about 24 days.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Magellanic Cormorant
Leucocarbo magellanicus
Also known as Rock Shag, this rather small cormorant is fairly common along rocky coasts where it feeds mainly in inshore waters. Nests colonially on cliffs and other steep surfaces, sometimes on jetties with colonies of Imperial Cormorants. Adult is distinctive with a white body, black head and neck with variable white face patch, and a red eyering. All-dark juvenile told from Neotropic Cormorant by pink feet and dark face with reddish eyering.
Gansu Leaf Warbler
Phylloscopus kansuensis
Small, confusing leaf warbler with olive-yellow upperparts, yellow brow, double wing bars, and a pale crown stripe. Extremely similar to many other small leaf warblers: Pallas’s Leaf Warbler has a brighter yellow brow stripe, and Chinese Leaf Warbler has an incrementally weaker head pattern and a small hook at the rear end of the black eye stripe. Lemon-rumped Warbler is extremely similar visually but averages paler on the brow stripe and darker on the underparts. Listen for the song, an accelerating series of sharp chips followed by a trill; its calls include a tinkling series of chips. Inhabits mid-altitude forests, usually bushy poplar and birch groves; found at lower altitudes than Chinese Leaf Warbler.
Coastal Boubou
Laniarius nigerrimus
Strangely variable boubou that can be all black, black above and white below with a small white wingbar, or black above and white below with a yellow eyebrow and a yellow wash on the throat and breast. Uses habitats with a dense understory, including thickets, riparian woodland, and coastal scrub. Usually found in pairs. Black-and-white birds very similar to Zanzibar Boubou, though birds with this coloration may be rare or absent in the western part of the range, where the two species overlap. All-black birds are quite similar to Slate-colored Boubou, but blacker, with different vocalizations. The typical song is a duet in which the male makes a ringing “ku-wee” while the female simultaneously makes a low “chrr” note. Identification of this recently split species is confusing.
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