White-masked Antbird
Pithys castaneus
Handsome antbird known only from a small area in northeastern Peru. Restricted to lowland rainforest in areas where the soil is sandy. Adult is quite distinctive, with a white mask and throat surrounded by black. The rest of the plumage is chestnut, and the legs are yellow. Juvenile is duller with much less white on the face. Sexes look alike. Found in forest understory, especially in areas with abundant palm saplings. Often seen around swarms of army ants. Song is a drawn out whistle that ends sharply higher.
识别特征
The white-masked antbird is about 14 cm (5.5 in) long. The sexes are alike. Adults are mostly bright rufous chestnut. Their crown, nape, lower ear coverts, and the sides of their throat are black. Their lores, a wide area around their eye, their chin, and their throat are white. Juveniles are a duller rufous chestnut, with less white on the face and with sooty brown replacing the adult's black on the head. Adults have a brown or dark brown iris and brownish orange or ochre orange legs and feet. Juveniles' iris is dark gray and their legs and feet gray-tinged dirty yellow. All ages have a blackish slate bill with silvery white cutting edges.
分类信息
The white-masked antbird was known only from its type specimen from its discovery in 1937 until 2001 when its status as a species was confirmed. It had been suggested instead to be a hybrid of two antbird species. It shares genus Pithys with the white-plumed antbird (P. albifrons). It has no subspecies.
- 学名
- Pithys castaneus
- 命名信息
- Berlioz, 1938
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Pithys
分布与栖息地
The white-masked antbird is found in northern Peru in a small area from northeastern Amazonas Department into western Loreto. It inhabits a type of stunted forest called varillal that grows on white sand soil. Its floor typically has a thick layer of humus and dead leaves, and the trees reach a height of about 30 m (100 ft). All of the known sites are below an elevation of 300 m (1,000 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The white-masked antbird is not known to migrate.<p>The white-masked antbird is an obligate ant follower that feeds on arthropods that flee foraging army ant swarms. It typically forages near the front of the ant swarm, sallying or dropping to the ground from a low perch. Up to four have been observed at a swarm.<p>Juvenile white-masked antbirds have been observed in July but nothing else is known about the species' breeding biology.<p>The white-masked antbird's song is "a rising, whiny whistled huuuuuureee? with short, quiet, chiming tur'e'e notes often interspersed between whistles". Its calls include "a quiet, descending, mewed whew, a harsh, descending t'char...a sharp tchip! [and] a low, barely descending, harsh grrah".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Chestnut-capped Thrush
Geokichla interpres
Shy and seldom-seen jewel of a thrush. Note dark chestnut hood, gray back, and sharply-patterned black-and-white wing patches. Found in forested areas from lowlands up into foothills. Most often forages on the ground but will visit fruiting trees. Song is a series of widely-spaced chirrups, whistles, and twanging notes.
Green-tailed Towhee
Pipilo chlorurus
Large, long-tailed sparrow with unique color pattern: gray body, fairly bright greenish wings and tail, rufous crown, and white throat. Favors disturbed areas in montane forest and open slopes for breeding. In winter, usually found in dense thickets or mesquite in desert washes. Forages on the ground or in dense shrubs primarily for seeds and insects. Rarely visits feeders. Listen for unique nasal call note.
Hispaniolan Oriole
Icterus dominicensis
A sleek forest bird that sometimes ventures into gardens and parks in search of flowers and fruit; prefers areas with palms. The adult is distinctive—clothed in black except for patches of yellow on lower belly, shoulders, and rump. No similar species occur within its range. Immatures are muddled yellow, orange, and olive, developing adult plumage over the course of a year. This plumage resembles that of female and young Baltimore Orioles, a scarce migrant and winter visitor to Hispaniola. Similarly attired Baltimore Orioles can be distinguished by their orange underparts and white wingbars. The song is a rapid jumble of squeaky and metallic notes. Calls include a buzzy “jrrrt” and a metallic “zhwee.”
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