Mountain Kingfisher
Syma megarhyncha
A large kingfisher of foothill and mid-montane forest. Bright orange head and body, blue back and tail, bright yellow bill and black mark on the back of the head. Females also have a black mark on the crown. Almost identical to Yellow-billed Kingfisher, but Mountain Kingfisher is larger, found higher up, and most birds have a dark smudge on top of the bill. Call, an accelerating series of loud notes, first rising slightly, then falling and ending in a trill. Remeniscent of a New World antshrike.
识别特征
It is a small kingfisher, with males weighing 52–60 g (1.8–2.1 oz) and females weighing 49–63 g (1.7–2.2 oz). Adults are between 21–24 cm (8.3–9.4 in) in length.<p>Males have a rufous head and underparts and greenish-blue upperparts, along with black loral and nape patches. The tail is dark blue and it has black wing feathers with bluish edges and tips. Females have a black crown and paler underparts. The neck patches are joined at the nape in females, making a bar across the back of the neck. The bill is bright yellow with a dark ridge along the culmen. The iris is dark brown and the feet and legs are dull yellow. Juveniles have a grayish-black bill and mottled-black ear coverts. They also have a larger black area around the eye and dark-tipped feathers on the cheeks and breast.<p>The yellow-billed kingfisher is similar in appearance, but has an all-yellow bill instead and is found at lower altitudes than the mountain kingfisher. It is also larger with a proportionally larger bill.<p>It typically vocalises from the canopy and mid-story. It has a loud whistled trilling call, typically composed of 3–4 descending trills separated by pauses. The song ends with a distinctive trill that drops, rises and drops in pitch. The initial trills are similar to the song of the chestnut-breasted cuckoo, but are longer and richer, and the cuckoo's song is much higher-pitched. The song is also similar to that of the yellow-billed kingfisher, but is deeper than that of the latter.
分类信息
The mountain kingfisher was described as Syma megarhycha by Tommaso Salvadori in 1896, on the basis of specimens collected in 1893 in Moroka, New Guinea. The generic name Syma is from the name of a sea nymph in Greek mythology. The specific name come from the Greek megas (great) and rhunkhos (bill). Mountain kingfisher has been designated as the official common name by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC). The species is also known as the greater yellow-billed kingfisher or mountain yellow-billed kingfisher.<p>It is one of two species in the genus Syma, along with the yellow-billed kingfisher. These two species are closely related and were previously considered conspecific. Hybrids between them have also been recorded.<p>There are two recognised subspecies of the mountain kingfisher:<p>As these two subspecies are poorly defined, some authors have considered lumping the two, which would make the species monotypic.
- 学名
- Syma megarhyncha
- 命名信息
- Salvadori, 1896
- 目
- Coraciiformes
- 科
- Alcedinidae
- 属
- Syma
分布与栖息地
The mountain kingfisher is endemic to the island of New Guinea, and is found in both Western New Guinea and Papua New Guinea. It is common to uncommon through most of the New Guinea Highlands, except for the Bird's Head peninsula. Reports of the species from the Adelbert Mountains and the Foja Mountains are unconfirmed. The species mostly occurs between elevations of 1,200–2,400 m (3,900–7,900 ft), although they have been reported at elevations as low as 700 m (2,300 ft). At lower elevations, the species is replaced by the yellow-billed kingfisher.<p>The mountain kingfisher mainly inhabits primary forest and secondary growth within its range.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: stable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
其他鸟类
Long-legged Buzzard
Buteo rufinus
A large, long-winged buzzard which may recall a small eagle in size. Variable plumage with three color morphs. All have obvious dark carpal patches at the wrist of the wing. Juveniles lack the adult’s prominent black trailing edge to the wings. Often hunts from a prominent perch, or sits on the ground and scans for prey. A species of open steppe and desert country, sometimes in more wooded areas but always near big open spaces. Compare with similar Common and Upland Buzzards, as well as Rough-legged Hawk; note long-winged structure, size, and wings held in “V” in soaring flight.
Black-spotted Bare-eye
Phlegopsis nigromaculata
Distinctive colorful antbird of dense rainforest understory. Black head and breast, reddish brown wings and tail, and tan back and upper wings spotted with black. Prominent bare patch of red skin around the eye. Sexes similar. Most common in the dense undergrowth of seasonally flooded forest, especially in heliconias, but may be found anywhere in dense forest undergrowth. One of the most common antbirds at army ant swarms in its range (but only rarely seen away from ants). Distinctive by voice, a descending series of 2 or 3 whistles, the first clear, the following notes burry.
New Guinea Megapode
Megapodius decollatus
A dark scrubfowl of lowland and foothill forest. Dark, sooty gray underparts and neck, dark brown back and wings, dark legs, reddish face or throat, yellowish bill and an obvious pointy crest at the back of the head. Very adept at scraping and digging with its large feet. Defends its nest mound by kicking material over potential nest predators. Vocal with yelping, parrotlike calls. Much smaller than Red-legged Brushturkey and New Guinea Scrubfowl has dark legs.
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