White-necked Crow
Corvus leucognaphalus
A large omnivorous species that occupies a wide range of habitats including agricultural fields, but prefers wet upland woods. Appears all black; the namesake white neck feathers are only visible during courtship. Note its bright red eyes. The only other large black species sharing its range is the Palm Crow, which has dark eyes and is a bit smaller. Additionally, the White-necked Crow has a relatively long, pointed bill with limited feathering atop when compared with that of the Palm Crow. This species vocalizations are remarkably parrotlike and rather unlike those of other crows. Calls include an upward inflected, rolling, and drawn out “wreh,” usually given in series as well as a variety of shrill burbling or gobbling sounds.
识别特征
A stocky bird, it is the largest Caribbean corvid, measuring 42–46 centimetres or 17–18 inches in length. The overall appearance is black, with a bluish-purple gloss in good light; despite the name, the neck typically appears entirely black, as the namesake white is restricted to the bases of the neck feathers, rarely visible in the field. The black bill is long and deep, and curves gently downward to the tip, giving the bird a large headed appearance. The nasal bristles do not quite cover the nostrils, unlike the majority of species in this genus. There is a patch of dark grey bare skin behind the eye, and the base of the lower mandible has a bare strip of the same coloured skin. The iris is a distinctive crimson red in colour, and the legs and feet are black. It often flies high over the forest canopy and soars on thermals, unlike the palm crow, which rarely, if ever, soars.
分类信息
Two other species, the Cuban crow (C. nasicus) and the Jamaican crow (C. jamaicensis), appear to be very closely related to it, sharing several key morphological features. The fourth species from this region, the palm crow (C. palmarum), would appear to be a later arrival (at least in evolutionary terms) and shows similarities to the fish crow (C. ossifragus) of North America and two Mexican species, despite it being sympatric with the white-necked crow on Hispaniola.
- 学名
- Corvus leucognaphalus
- 命名信息
- Daudin, 1800
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Corvidae
- 属
- Corvus
分布与栖息地
It inhabits both lowland and mountain forest, and tolerates degraded areas used for agriculture.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
It has been designated as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN, due to having a severely fragmented population which is mostly decreasing, and several other threats (mainly hunting for both food and as a crop pest, destruction of habitat for agriculture and timber, and attacks on nest sites by the recently arrived pearly-eyed thrasher (Margarops fuscatus)); the same factors that led to its extirpation on Puerto Rico seem to affect the remaining populations on Hispaniola and surrounding islands.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Crested Guan
Penelope purpurascens
Very large, long-tailed game bird of tropical and subtropical forest. Often seen high in trees or flying through the forest canopy; usually not seen in areas near people except in some protected areas due to hunting pressure. Typically in pairs or small groups and wary. Plumage dark overall (often looks blackish) with bright red throat wattle; white streaking on body visible at closer range. Crest is bushy and usually not a striking feature.
Fawn-breasted Wren
Cantorchilus guarayanus
A rather nondescript medium-sized wren. Mostly brown above and rusty below, with a white eyebrow and pied streaked cheeks. Skulks in the undergrowth of seasonally flooded forest and second growth, often near water. The similar Buff-breasted Wren has less strongly marked cheeks and a more complex song. Where the two overlap, Fawn-breasted is more likely to be found in wetter habitats.
Chestnut-bellied Cuckoo
Coccyzus pluvialis
A large species with an impressive tail and a chestnut belly. Found in wooded habitats between 400 and 1500 meters in elevation, particularly wet, open forests; stalks prey by walking and sometimes running along tree limbs. Flight is often a rapid flapping followed by long glide. The Jamaican Lizard-Cuckoo is similar in overall shape, but it is somewhat smaller, has a longer straighter bill, and a buff (not chestnut) belly. This species is often heard before it is seen. Call is a low, harsh, growling “aahhhh” or “aahhhh-ahh.”
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