Speckled Chachalaca
Ortalis guttata
Large chickenlike bird, but smaller than guans and curassows. Plain brown with a scaly neck and head, and bare red skin on throat that can be difficult to see. Most commonly found in forest edge habitats, including along rivers and around agricultural areas. Loud, raucous calls are often heard around dawn and dusk, when the calls of one individual often initiate a chorus of calls from other chachalacas in the area.
识别特征
The speckled chachalaca is 49 to 55 cm (1.6 to 1.8 ft) long. The nominate subspecies is mostly brown above with a darker and grayer head and neck. The mantle has a chestnut wash; the tail has a bronze gloss and the outer feathers are rufous. The throat and breast are dark brown with the eponymous white speckles. The lower breast and belly are light grayish brown and the vent bright rufous. The eye is dark brown to dark reddish brown and is surrounded by bare slate blue skin. <p>O. g. subaffinis is lighter but browner overall than the nominate, does not have the chestnut wash on the mantle, and the marks on the throat and breast are more scalloped than speckled. It is also somewhat larger. O. g. remota's description is from a single specimen. It differs from the nominate: Its crown is rufescent rather than gray, it is paler and more olive above, the rump is chestnut, and the "speckles" are larger and less well defined.
分类信息
The taxonomic history of the speckled chachalaca is complex. It was at one time considered conspecific with what was then called the variable chachalaca (Ortalis motmot) and buff-browed chachalaca (O. superciliaris). They were split and the variable chachalaca has since been split further. (Confusingly, the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) then renamed O. motmot little chachalaca but the American Ornithological Society (AOS) and the Clements taxonomy retained the name "variable" for it.) Later still, three more species were split from speckled chachalaca, the East Brazilian (O. araucuan), scaled (O. squamata), and Colombian (O. columbiana) chachalacas.<p>The speckled chachalaca as now understood has three subspecies, the nominate O. g. guttata, O. g. subaffinis, and O. g. remota. However, some authors treat the last as a subspecies of scaled chachalaca and others suggest it deserves to be an entirely separate species.
- 学名
- Ortalis guttata
- 命名信息
- (Spix, 1825)
- 目
- Galliformes
- 科
- Cracidae
- 属
- Ortalis
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of speckled chachalaca is found in the Amazonia of eastern Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru; northern Bolivia; and western Brazil. O. g. subaffinis is found in the Amazonia of eastern and northeastern Bolivia and adjoining southwestern Brazil. O. g. remota is, as its specific epithet implies, remote from the other two subspecies; it is found in southeastern Brazil's Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo states.<p>The speckled chachalaca inhabits a variety of tropical and subtropical landscapes. The two Amazonian subspecies is typically found in low or open forest, thickets, "forest islands" in savanna, várzea, and riparian and floodplain forest. They shun the interior of terra firme forest. They reach their highest elevations at the western edge of their range, usually up to 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in Bolivia, 1,100 m (3,600 ft) in Ecuador, and 1,700 m (5,600 ft) in Peru though locally higher in all three countries. O. g. remota is found only in secondary woodland and the edges of gallery forest in its small zone.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Papuan Pitta
Erythropitta macklotii
A distinctive plump, short-tailed, long-legged bird with a bold red belly. Note the rusty nape, black throat, broad blue chest band bordered below with a thick black line, and greenish upperparts. Singles or pairs forage on the forest floor or call from a low perch within forest and secondary growth. More abundant in the lowlands but also occurs in the foothills. No similar species in range. Song is typical of the genus, with a quivering, rising first note and a falling, mournful second whistle: “waaaaop-aaaaaawoo.”
Biak Triller
Lalage leucoptera
A medium-sized bird of lowland forest canopy on Biak Island, in northwestern New Guinea. Male is black above and white below, with extensive white in the wing. Female is similar, but dark gray-brown above. Song is a steadily rising up-and-down series of hiccuping whistles: “wi’di-DEE, wi’di-DEE!”
Buru Racquet-tail
Prioniturus mada
A mostly green parrot restricted to Buru that has rackets extending beyond its square-shaped tail. Also note the silvery-gray bill, purple rear crown in males, and yellow base of undertail. Juveniles lack rackets. Pairs and small groups inhabit montane forest, sometimes roaming to cultivated areas. The only parrot on the island with tail rackets. When rackets cannot be seen, the green head, silvery bill, and yellow vent separate it from all other local parrots. Gives loud screeches and repeated ear-splitting “weep” notes.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。