Rusty-headed Spinetail
Synallaxis fuscorufa
Skulking cloud forest bird endemic to Colombia’s Santa Marta Mountains. Adult has a rusty hood, wings, and tail that contrast with its gray back and belly. Young birds are duller and may show faint barring on the belly. Separated from other similar species in range by its entirely chestnut head and lack of eyebrows and streaking. Shy and often hard to see, usually staying hidden inside foliage at low to middle levels. Frequently sings a strident “pit-pit-pit-chew”; the number of notes is variable.
识别特征
The rusty-headed spinetail is 16 to 18 cm (6.3 to 7.1 in) long and weighs 15 to 17 g (0.53 to 0.60 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults are mostly bright reddish rufous. They do have dark lores, a dull grayish olive back, olive flanks, and a somewhat duller rufous tail. Their iris is reddish brown, their maxilla black, their mandible blue-gray, and their legs and feet gray to blue-gray. Juveniles have a much duller crown than adults, and tawny-olive edges on their underparts' feathers and faint barring on their belly. Their irises are light brown and their mandible yellowish pink.
分类信息
The rusty-headed spinetail, rufous spinetail (S. unirufa), and black-throated spinetail (S. castanea) are closely related and some authors have treated them as a single species. The rusty-headed spinetail is monotypic.
- 学名
- Synallaxis fuscorufa
- 命名信息
- Sclater, PL, 1882
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Synallaxis
分布与栖息地
The rusty-headed spinetail is found only in the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of northern Colombia. It occurs only locally, inhabiting the bushy edges and undergrowth of evergreen forest, overgrown clearings, and second-growth scrub in the subtropical and temperate zones of the mountain range. In elevation it mostly ranges between 2,000 and 3,000 m (6,600 and 9,800 ft) but occurs as low as 760 m (2,500 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The rusty-headed spinetail is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The rusty-headed spinetail feeds on arthropods. It usually forages in pairs, gleaning prey from foliage and small branches in dense cover up to about 2 m (7 ft) above the ground.<p>The rusty-headed spinetail's breeding season appears to include January to June. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The rusty-headed spinetail's song is "3 fast notes, di-di-du". It is often repeated at short intervals for minutes at a time.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Blue Coua
Coua caerulea
Big, dark, long-tailed tree-dwelling bird. Like other couas, inquisitive and restless. Generally prefers to jump or flop through the trees, but sometimes makes long gliding flights with occasional explosive wingbeats. Found in eastern and northern rainforest. Most common call is a short, explosive “brr-dd-t”. Also gives a long, descending series of mournful “kwa” notes. Larger than Red-fronted and Red-breasted Couas, lacking red coloration, and is usually found high in trees, unlike those understory-dwelling species.
Golden-collared Tanager
Iridosornis jelskii
Beautiful, fairly large tanager. Dark blue above, rusty red below, with a black head and bold yellow hood. Sexes similar. Inhabits elfin forest and humid scrub around and above the treeline, where it is often found in mixed-species flocks with flowerpiercers and other tanagers.
Dartford Warbler
Curruca undata
Plumage is rather dark overall, grayish above and dull wine-red below; note narrow red eyering and fairly bright yellowish legs. No similar species in most of its range. Skulking and difficult to see well, although when singing in spring may perch atop a bush, the long tail often held slightly cocked. Song is composed of short whistles and harsher rattles; calls are dry and scolding. Breeds in dense scrubby habitats, especially heathland with gorse. Winters in similar habitats, albeit averaging more open and occasionally grassy.
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