Slender-billed Miner
Geositta tenuirostris
Distinctive tan bird with a thin curved bill. Forages on the ground in rocky high-elevation grasslands and pastures, especially near water and in damp areas. Usually keeps an upright posture and looks heavy-chested with a short tail. The males sing in flight displays, giving a song that is a long series of “pip” notes. Its call is a nasal laughing “heew,” recalling a flycatcher or even a small gull.
识别特征
The slender-billed miner is a large member of its genus. It is 16 to 18 cm (6.3 to 7.1 in) long and weighs 32 to 38 g (1.1 to 1.3 oz). The sexes are alike. The nominate subspecies has a pale buffy brownish face with a whitish supercilium, a dark brownish stripe behind the eye, and a vague darker "moustache". It has a dull brown crown with wavy streaks, dull grayish brown upperparts, and slightly paler rump and uppertail coverts. Its central pair of tail feathers are dull brown with darker ends. The rest progress outward with less and less dark at the ends and more rufescent at their base to the outermost two pairs' rufous with some pale cinnamon. Dark brown wing coverts with dark buff tips form distinct wing bars. Its flight feathers are dark dusky with some rufous. Its throat is whitish, its breast buff-white with wavy brownish streaks, its belly pale buffy whitish, and its undertail coverts pale tawny. Its iris is dark brown, its long decurved bill is blackish with a pinkish base to the mandible, and its legs and feet black. Subspecies G. t. kalimayae is smaller and grayer than the nominate with darker wings and tail and more streaks on its breast.
分类信息
The slender-billed miner has two subspecies, the nominate G. t. tenuirostris (Lafrenaye, 1836) and G. t. kalimayae (Krabbe, 1992).<p>Among the members of genus Geositta the coastal miner is most closely related to the common miner (G. cunicularia).
- 学名
- Geositta tenuirostris
- 命名信息
- (Lafresnaye, 1836)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Geositta
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of the slender-billed miner is by far the more widely distributed of the two. It is found on both slopes of the Andes of Peru almost from the border with Ecuador south through the Andes of Bolivia into northwestern Argentina as far as Tucumán Province. G. t. kalimayae is found disjunctly in central Ecuador's Cotopaxi Province. The species inhabits puna grass- and scrublands, pastures, and cultivated land; it is often found near water. In elevation it ranges between 2,500 and 4,600 m (8,200 and 15,100 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The slender-billed miner is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The slender-billed miner forages on the ground, gleaning, probing, and excavating for invertebrates. Its diet includes beetles, butterflies and moth larvae, spiders, and springtails.<p>The slender-billed miner breeds during the austral summer. Males perform a display flight. The species nests in tunnels; one was thought to have been excavated in a bank by a Upucerthia earthcreeper. A nest of dried grass was in an elarged chamber at its end. The clutch size is two eggs.<p>The slender-billed miner's display flight song is "a repetitive series of 'jit' or 'keek' notes". Its calls have been described as "keeeeek", "week, week", "chwea" and a nasal "kyeenh".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
African Palm Swift
Cypsiurus parvus
A very slender gray-brown swift with a long, deeply forked tail that is often held closed, making it look needle-like and pointed. The erratic flight pattern, with frequent direction changes and rapid wingbeats on long, scythe-shaped wings, is distinctive. Less gregarious than other swifts; usually found in pairs or small flocks, and association with other swallows and swifts is usually only fleeting. Forages over a wide variety of habitats with palms, including savanna, coastal scrub, towns, villages, cultivated areas, forest edge, and clearings, from sea level up to 1800 meters of elevation, preferring lowlands. Nests and roosts in palms and uses its tiny legs with hook-like claws to cling to the undersides of fronds. Gives a high-pitched, metallic “tre-tit-tit-tit-tit-tit-tit-tit” call, solitarily or in unison with others. Separated from other swifts by its longer and thinner tail.
Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet
Phylloscartes ventralis
Small olive-yellow flycatcher with a long slender tail, which is often held cocked. Olive above and yellow below with a pale eyebrow, a white chin, and two pale wingbars. Found in montane forests including Araucaria forests, where it forages actively in the middle and upper layers of the forest often with mixed-species flocks. The song is short and high-pitched.
California Quail
Callipepla californica
Small and rotund with obvious teardrop-shaped plumes protruding from forehead. Looks gray and brown at a distance, with white streaks on the sides and a scaly belly. Males have black face and longer, more curled crest than females. Usually seen in flocks running on the ground in open, scrubby habitats. Listen for frequent, three-noted call, audible at long distances. Separated from similar Gambel’s Quail by range; also note California has scaly belly with rusty (not black) patch and duller brown crown and sides. Native to western North America including Baja California; well-established introduced populations in Chile, Argentina, New Zealand, and Hawaii.
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