White-capped Munia

Medium-sized hummingbird, not particularly bright. Green above and dingy grayish below with dense green spots on sides and breast. Adult males have iridescent green throat that looks gray at most angles; females and young birds have white or buffy throat. In all plumages, look for white line behind eye. Tail dark with white outer tail feathers. Found in montane forests and edges, often with pines and oaks.

Extremely elusive and rarely-seen ground-dweller; listen instead for its haunting whistle. If seen, overall size and chunkiness alone should be sufficient to distinguish this species from other pittas. Male has bright blue wings and a grayish head with a thin black line curving downwards from behind the eye. Female is browner overall, with a blue rump and warm rufous-brown wings. Rare in lowland and foothill forests, particularly in swampy or riparian areas.

Small, slim seedeater of the southern Arabian highlands. Brown overall, with a buffy face and whitish underparts. , Note blurry pale eyebrow, fine dark streaks on the crown and upper back, and blotchy streaking on the underparts. Found in rocky montane areas, both with and without trees and shrubs. Sometimes on human structures. Usually in small groups. The song is a simple series of whistles and trills, and calls include rising “swiiit” notes, “chwee” notes, and dry rattles. Similar to Olive-rumped Serin, but has a stronger facial pattern and lacks an olive rump. Also tends to be found in more barren areas.