Cuban Black Hawk
Buteogallus gundlachii
A large, broad-winged hawk of forests. Body of adult is entirely dark brown to black. Differs from perched vultures in having feathered head plus yellow bill and legs. Best distinguished in flight by bold white patches near end of wings and by its large size. Immature is brown above and streaked below; somewhat resembles immature Broad-winged and Red-tailed Hawks. When perched, immature is most easily told from Red-tailed Hawk by its boldly patterned head. In flight, note the Cuban Black Hawk's much broader wings and shorter tail.. Call is a loud, squeaky “weet-WEET-whew” or “weet-WEET-whew-puh;” also gives a harsh scream.
识别特征
The species has an average body length of 53 cm (21 in). The plumage is mainly dark brown verging on black. A lighter greyish or whitish patch may be present on the face between the bill and the eye. White patches at the base of the primary flight feathers are visible in flight. The tail is striped with wide black and white bands. The legs are yellow and the bill is yellow tipped in black. Generally, females tend to be slightly larger in size than males.
分类信息
German ornithologist Jean Cabanis described the Cuban black hawk in 1855. It was considered by most authorities to be a subspecies of the Mangrove Black Hawk (Buteogallus anthracinus), although aspects of its behavior were little studied. However, in 2007, the American Ornithologists' Union classified it as a separate species based on differing vocalizations and plumage patterns.<p>It is one of eight species in the New World genus Buteogallus.
- 学名
- Buteogallus gundlachii
- 命名信息
- (Cabanis, 1855)
- 目
- Accipitriformes
- 科
- Accipitridae
- 属
- Buteogallus
分布与栖息地
The Cuban black hawk is endemic to Cuba, where it is found primarily in coastal and mangrove regions and on Isla de la Juventud. It also occurs in wooded areas and even near mountains on the main island, and on several outlying cayes. However, the majority of its sightings are below 800 meters above sea level.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The species primarily feeds on crabs and also takes small vertebrates (fish, lizards, rodents and birds). Cuban black hawks breed mainly between March and June, but may do so as early as January. Nests are built in the sub-canopy of mangrove trees and are generally made out of mangrove twigs and lined with foliage. The female hawk lays 1–2 dark-spotted eggs (42–56 mm long). The species is monogamous and forms long-term pairs.
保护状况
The species was first evaluated for the IUCN Red List in 2008 and is listed as Near Threatened. Total population size has been estimated at 15,000 birds. Numbers are suspected to be declining due to the continued degradation and draining of its habitat, which also increases fragmentation of the population.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Golden-fronted Greenlet
Pachysylvia aurantiifrons
Small, nondescript bird found in scrubby woodland from Panama to Venezuela and Trinidad. Namesake golden forehead is not obvious and usually difficult to see. Look for brownish head, buffy underparts, and greenish upperparts; also note relatively long, pinkish, vireo-like bill. Singles or pairs are usually seen foraging in the middle levels or canopy, sometimes following a mixed-species flock. Listen for short warbled phrases.
Himalayan Cuckoo
Cuculus saturatus
Visually indistinguishable from Oriental Cuckoo. Adult male is gray above with a black-and-white-barred belly and a dark gray tail; females usually look similar, but some (known as hepatic morph birds) have cinnamon-brown upperparts with black barring throughout. Intermediate in size between Common and Lesser Cuckoos; distinguished from both species by buffy (not white) under-tail feathers and from Lesser Cuckoos by yellow iris. Song is a series of five notes, with the leading note being sharper and more distinct than the four that follow; compare with Oriental Cuckoo’s series of mellow paired notes. Breeds in a wide range of different lowland and hill forests; also more open habitats outside of breeding season.
Romblon Boobook
Ninox spilonotus
A rare medium-sized owl of lowland and foothill forest on Tablas, Romblon, and Sibuyan islands. Upperparts, chest, and head dark brown and indistinctly barred. Underparts reddish brown. Note the long whiskers around the face and the bright yellow eyes. Probably the only owl in its range except for Mantanani Scops-Owl, but Romblon Boobook is reddish rather than gray and lacks the black line around the face. Song is a phrase of three notes, “wik weu-weu,” with the second and third being descending rasping notes.
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