Marail Guan
Penelope marail
Medium-sized guan of rainforest canopy. Usually appears entirely dark; note short-legged profile, contrasting red throat patch, and sluggish behavior. Slips quietly through canopy, feeding on fruit; typically found alone or in pairs but may congregate at fruiting trees. Generally wary, especially where hunted, but sometimes tolerates close approach. May be seen near the ground at forest edge or along roadsides. Very similar to Spix’s Guan; Marail is smaller and shorter-legged, but this can be surprisingly difficult to judge accurately.
识别特征
The Marail guan is 63 to 68 cm (2.1 to 2.2 ft) long. Males weigh 772 to 1,310 g (1.7 to 2.9 lb) and females 770 to 1,450 g (1.7 to 3.2 lb). The back, wings, and central tail feathers of the nominate subspecies are dark with a greenish olive gloss. The outer tail feathers are bluish black. Its throat and chest are dark with white speckles and the belly reddish brown. It has a red dewlap. P. m. jacupeba is slightly smaller, paler, and more a grayish brown.
分类信息
The Marail guan has the two subspecies listed in the box to the right. It and the rusty-margined guan (P. superciliaris) form a superspecies.
- 学名
- Penelope marail
- 命名信息
- (Müller, PLS, 1776)
- 目
- Galliformes
- 科
- Cracidae
- 属
- Penelope
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of Marail guan is found from eastern Venezuela through the Guianas. P. m. jacupeba is found in northern Brazil north of the Amazon River and possibly in southeastern Venezuela, although not all authorities accept the latter. It mostly inhabits mature tropical forest though it can be found in secondary forest. In the Guianas and Brazil is favors terre firma forest with dense undergrowth. It is a bird of the lowlands, in Venezuela ranging between 100 and 600 m (330 and 1,970 ft) of elevation.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Marail guan appears to be sedentary. A study in Suriname found territories ranged in size from 2 to 9 ha (4.9 to 22 acres).<p>The Marail guan forages singly or in groups of up to six, mostly in the canopy and lower levels of the forest but sometimes on the ground. Its diet is almost entirely fruits though insects are occasionally taken.<p>The Marail guan's breeding season varies within its range. It appears to span from October to February in the Guianas and extend further in Brazil. It builds a cup nest high in a tree fork and lays two or three eggs.<p>The Marail guan gives a wing-whirring display, usually before dawn, and usually follows it with a barking "whaf, whaf, whaf". It also gives the barking calls at dusk.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Osprey
Pandion haliaetus
Large, mostly white raptor that cruises over lakes, rivers, and coastal waterways in search of fish. Impressively widespread: found on every continent except Antarctica. Mostly white head and underparts; dark brown back. In flight, holds wings with a kink in the wrist (shaped like an "M"). Stick nests are conspicuous on top of channel markers, utility poles and high platforms near water. Often seen plunging feet-first into water from high in the air to grab fish.
Peruvian Diving-Petrel
Pelecanoides garnotii
Very small diving seabird sometimes seen from shore, at time in small groups. Plumage is blackish above and whitish below; narrow whitish “braces” sometimes visible. Swims low in the water and usually dives when approached or runs along the water to fly away from boats. Flight is low and fast over the sea, with rapid “whirring” wingbeats; does not glide. Only diving-petrel in Humboldt Current.
Reeves's Pheasant
Syrmaticus reevesii
A large terrestrial bird of hill forests. Male has very long black-and-white tail and is strikingly patterned: appears crafted out of black-edged gold and white porcelain scales. Female has peach belly and dark comma-like stripe behind the eye. Courting male makes a series of sputtering, bubbling, chirping, and squeaking notes, as well as loud and resonant wing-drumming. Contact and alarm calls are similarly sputtering, varying in loudness.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。