Vermiculated Fishing-Owl
Scotopelia bouvieri
A round-headed, gingery fishing-owl with heavily streaked underparts and a yellow beak. It is shy and day-roosts are well hidden in huge trees along rivers in lowland primary, swamp and flooded forests. The call is a deep low horn-like “hooooo”, and young birds sometimes emit an eerie screeching “wheeeuuu”. Similar Pel’s Fishing-Owl is larger and rustier (especially on the underparts) than Vermiculated Fishing-Owl, has a black (not yellow) beak, and is covered in spots, bars and chevrons.
识别特征
The vermiculated fishing owl is a large, earless owl with a total length of 46 to 51 cm (18 to 20 in). The facial disc is a pale reddish-brown with an inconspicuous darker brown rim. The eyes are dark brown and the bill yellowish-brown with a darker tip. The crown is streaked with dark brown. The upper parts are cinnamon-brown finely marked with dark brown vermiculations. Across the shoulders, the outer webs of the feathers are whitish making a pale horizontal streak. The flight feathers and the tail feathers are barred. The underparts are whitish, heavily marked with dark streaks. The underwing and undertail coverts and the thighs are whitish and unstreaked. The legs and feet are yellow and unfeathered.
分类信息
- 学名
- Scotopelia bouvieri
- 命名信息
- Sharpe, 1875
- 目
- Strigiformes
- 科
- Strigidae
- 属
- Scotopelia
分布与栖息地
The vermiculated fishing owl is endemic to a large area of tropical west-central Africa extending from southern Nigeria in the west to South Sudan in the east and northern Angola to the south. This bird is not migratory. Its habitat is gallery forests along rivers that are at least 10 m (33 ft) wide, and pools and flooded areas in forests; it sometimes occurs away from water.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The vermiculated fishing owl is nocturnal and fishes from a perch on a low branch beside a large river, snatching fish from the water and also feeding on frogs, crabs, small mammals, and birds. In many places, crustaceans may be the most frequently eaten food. It roosts during the day in a tree near a river. In southern Nigeria its favourite food appears to be Clarias catfish which have primitive lungs and rise to the surface periodically to breathe.<p>Its voice is a low, croaking hoot, followed by four to eight staccato notes. A pair of owls often sing in duet, and being a fairly common species, several pairs of owls can sometimes be heard from the same locality.<p>Breeding takes place from May to at least October and possibly later. The courtship involves much vocal duetting and the nesting site may be a pre-existing large stick nest. Little is known of the bird's breeding biology, but is probably similar to that of Pel's fishing owl (Scotopelia peli). The young are slow to mature.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Neopelma chrysolophum
Rather nondescript manakin that may resemble a flycatcher. Mostly olive green, but notable features include a yellow crown and paler chin. Found at the edge of humid forest and in second growth often in areas with bamboo; avoids the forest interior. The song is series of sharp notes followed by longer ones “chip, chip, dree-zee-zee, zéw.”
Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper
Dendrexetastes rufigula
Large plain brown woodcreeper of Amazonian lowlands. Reddish brown overall with olive brown underparts, a heavy gray bill, and fine white breast streaking on some individuals. Typically found in young forest and forest edge, often around rivers and lakes. Most other woodcreepers have much more prominent streaking. Compared to similar Plain-brown and White-chinned Woodcreepers, this species has a more even brown face without noticeable facial markings and a heavier, lighter gray bill. Listen for its song, an explosive, decelerating rattle punctuated with a low churr at the end.
Zanzibar Boubou
Laniarius sublacteus
A heavily built black-and-white bushshrike. The upperparts are cleanly black and the underparts are white with a pinkish tinge. Uses habitats with a dense understory, including riparian thickets, coastal scrub, forest, and gardens. Found in pairs, which usually skulk but sometimes hop about in the open. Similar to Tropical Boubou, but barely overlaps in range and lacks a white shoulder patch. Also similar to the smaller Black-backed Puffback, but separated by the lack of white on the upperparts. Has a diverse range of vocalizations, including a hollow rising whistle, up-and-down “laser gun” notes, rasps, and croaks, often delivered in a duet by a pair.
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