Band-tailed Earthcreeper
Ochetorhynchus phoenicurus
Distinctive little bird of shrub-steppe in Patagonia, sometimes seen in rather open and overgrazed areas with only a few bushes, in which its bulky stick nest is built. Found singly or pairs, usually running well on the ground with tail cocked up or perched on a bush. As well as shape and behavior, note the narrow whitish eyebrow, streaky breast, and black tail with a dark rusty band at the base.
识别特征
The band-tailed earthcreeper is 16 to 17 cm (6.3 to 6.7 in) long and weighs 28 to 34 g (0.99 to 1.2 oz). It is a smallish earthcreeper whose medium-length bill is thin and straight. The sexes are alike. Adults have a white supercilium, a dark stripe behind the eye, and rufescent cheeks. Their crown and upperparts are plain dull gray-brown. Their tail's central pair of feathers are fuscous blackish with dull gray-brown bases and the rest have a sharp line between dark rufous bases and black ends. Their wings are dull gray-brown. Their throat is whitish with grayer edges, their breast and belly pale dull gray-brown with paler streaks on the breast and flanks, and their undertail coverts whitish. Their iris is dark brown, their bill black or blackish brown with a pale gray or horn base to the mandible, and their legs and feet blackish brown or blackish. Juveniles have pale feather edges on their forehead and much fainter streaking on their underparts than adults.
分类信息
The band-tailed earthcreeper was originally described as Eremobius phoenicurus. In the early 1900s at least one publication put it in genus Enicornis. Since the early 2000s has been in its present genus.<p>The band-tailed earthcreeper is monotypic.
- 学名
- Ochetorhynchus phoenicurus
- 命名信息
- (Gould, 1839)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Ochetorhynchus
分布与栖息地
The band-tailed earthcreeper is found in southwestern Argentina between Neuquén and Santa Cruz provinces and in the northeastern part of far southern Chile's Magallanes Region. It inhabits arid scrublands and temperate grasslands. It favors thinly vegetated plains, plateaus, and slopes. In elevation it ranges from near sea level to 1,200 m (3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The band-tailed earthcreeper is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The band-tailed earthcreeper forages on the ground for its arthropod diet, usually singly. It probes and gleans on bare ground, in rock crevices, and in grass clumps and cushion plants.<p>The band-tailed earthcreeper is thought to be monomgamous. It breeds in the austral summer, at least between September and January. It constructs a ball nest of thorny twigs with a side entrance to a tunnel leading to the nest chamber, typically placed about 1 to 2 m (3 to 7 ft) above the ground in a low bush or cactus. It lines the floor of the chamber with soft material such as hair, flowers, and feathers. The clutch size is two to four eggs. The incubation period, time to fledging, and details of parental care are not known.<p>The band-tailed earthcreeper's song is "a fast dry trill that sometimes ends with separate sharp 'ti' notes". Its alarm call is "a repeated, husky 'suwee' or 'wheet' ".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
African Harrier-Hawk
Polyboroides typus
A large, grayish, naked-faced hawk with broad wings. The small, bare, yellow (sometimes flushed red) face, white-banded black tail, and underwing pattern distinguish it. The immature is blotchy brown with yellow-green facial skin and barred flight feathers. Harrier-hawks are specialists, foraging on eggs and nestlings, and they have double-jointed knees which allow them to access nest holes and other confined spaces. They are often seen clumsily clambering around on cliffs and trees when foraging. Although similar to chanting-goshawks, African Harrier-Hawk’s long but small angular head, broad wings, and tail pattern are diagnostic.
Ijima's Leaf Warbler
Phylloscopus ijimae
An uncommon migrant songbird through Taiwan, rarely encountered anywhere away from breeding grounds on Izu and Tokara Islands, Japan. Olive above and whitish below; best distinguished from similar species by narrow bill with yellowish lower mandible, brownish-pink legs, and weak head pattern. Prefers mature coastal broadleaf forests but uses bamboo patches and conifers during migration as well. Smaller than Eastern Crowned Leaf Warbler, with thinner bill and no crown stripe. Song consists of a series of trills; calls, given often, include a descending “twee” or quiet “pee.”
White-chested Puffbird
Malacoptila fusca
Brown-and-white streaked bird with a large head and yellowish bill; white crescent on chest is helpful for identification but can be difficult to see. Inhabits lower and middle levels of tall rainforest, where it is easily overlooked as it sits motionless for long periods before darting to tree trunks, foliage, or ground for large insect and small vertebrate prey. Not common and usually encountered alone. Song is a long, very rapid series of soft piping notes, slowly falling in pitch and only audible at close range; calls include a high, thin, descending whistle, repeated at long intervals. Unlikely to be confused in most of range; distinguished from others in genus by streaked back.
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