Egyptian Nightjar
Caprimulgus aegyptius
Large and pallid nightjar with long wings. Flight is powerful, but note that in flight lacks white wing patches and tail corners. Favors open and flat sandy or stony deserts. Song is a peculiar repeating coarse note, "Rrrruu rrruu rrruu…".
识别特征
The variegated plumage is much paler than the European nightjar. The adult is sand-coloured, barred and streaked with buff and brown. The under parts are sandy or whitish. It is smaller, but relatively longer-winged and longer-tailed than the more widespread species. Like other nightjars, it has a wide gape, long wings, soft downy plumage and nocturnal habits. The male has tiny white wing spots. The length is 25 cm, and the wingspan 55 cm. Its call is a repetitive mechanical kroo-kroo-kroo…, which rises and falls as the bird turns its head from side to side.
分类信息
- 学名
- Caprimulgus aegyptius
- 命名信息
- Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823
- 目
- Caprimulgiformes
- 科
- Caprimulgidae
- 属
- Caprimulgus
分布与栖息地
The Egyptian nightjar is native to northern Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East. Its range includes Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahrain, Chad, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, South Sudan, Sudan, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan and Yemen. It is a rare visitor to Europe, and has occurred as a vagrant in Denmark, Germany, Italy, Malta, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Its typical habitat is open desert with a few scattered trees or bushes. It is often found near water in areas with sparse vegetation and scrub. Over-wintering birds in Sudan can be found in areas with long grass.
- 繁殖区
- PAL, AF : nw AF to sc Asia
- 非繁殖区
- e, c, w AF
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
During the day, this crepuscular nightjar lies silent upon the ground, concealed by its plumage; it is difficult to detect, blending in with the sandy soil. It flies at dusk, most often at sundown, with an easy, silent moth-like flight; its strong and deliberate wingbeats alternate with sweeps and glides with motionless wings. Crepuscular insects, such as moths, are its food. No nest is made; the two elongated and elliptical eggs are placed upon the bare ground; the brooding bird, sitting closely, is their best protection. The population in northwestern Africa breeds in the desert and sandy steppe where there are areas with limestone outcrops, and overwinter in dry countryside with Artemisia, Tamarix and Salsola.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
White-bellied Hummingbird
Elliotomyia chionogaster
Medium-sized hummingbird of middle and high elevations. Green above, white below, with a pinkish lower mandible. Found around forest edges and scrubby open habitats. Distinguished with care from the very similar Green-and-white Hummingbird by the white extending lower onto the underside of the tail, and by its sometimes lighter pink lower mandible; it is also typically found in more open habitats than that species.
Pale-billed Sicklebill
Drepanornis bruijnii
A large, long-billed bird of lowland forest. Brown upperparts with black head and grayish facial skin behind the eye. Note the curved, pale bill. Male has a black throat, sides and two small, hornlike tufts on the head. Female has pale underparts with dark barring. Similar to female Twelve-wired Bird-of-Paradise and Magnificent Riflebird, but female Pale-billed Sicklebill has a longer, thinner, more curved bill. One of several vocalizations, a descending series of low whistles, reminiscent of Common Potoo.
Fire-fronted Bishop
Euplectes diadematus
Breeding males are beautiful and unmistakable, with black-and-yellow plumage and a distinctive red forehead patch. Females and non-breeding males are brown and streaky. Found in grassland, cultivation, and arid savanna. A nomadic species that appears in large numbers after rains. Often mixes with other species when not breeding. The song is a high-pitched twittering. Non-breeding males and females are very similar to other bishops, but are smaller than most, with more prominent yellow edges to the wing feathers.
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