Long-billed Wren
Cantorchilus longirostris
Fairly large wren with a long tail and bill. Prominent white eyebrow contrasts with dark brown crown and paler throat. Rusty above and buff below; the tail and wings are dark barred. Found at the edges of dense forests, second growth, light woodlands, and mangroves where it is usually difficult to see. The song, usually delivered in duet, consists of a loud combination of melodic whistles.
识别特征
The long-billed wren is 19 to 21.5 cm (7.5 to 8.5 in) long and weighs 20 to 21 g (0.71 to 0.74 oz). The crown and nape of adults of the nominate subspecies are rich dark brown that becomes progressively more reddish to the rump; the lower back has obscure bars. Their tail is reddish brown with darker bars. They have an off-white supercilium, a darkish brown eyestripe, cheeks mottled off-white and dark gray, and a blackish malar stripe. Their throat color ranges from whitish to pale buff; their chest is reddish buff and the belly a deep rich buff. Juveniles are almost the same but their facial markings are not as distinct. C. l. bahiae is paler overall than the nominate, with the underparts' colors being much less saturated.
分类信息
The long-billed wren has been treated as being conspecific with the buff-breasted wren (Cantorchilus leucotis). It has two subspecies, the nominate C. l. longirostris and C. l. bahiae. The latter has been suggested for elevation to species status.
- 学名
- Cantorchilus longirostris
- 命名信息
- (Vieillot, 1819)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Troglodytidae
- 属
- Cantorchilus
分布与栖息地
C. l. bahiae is the more northerly subspecies of long-billed wren; it is found in the "bulge" of eastern Brazil from Piauí south to Minas Gerais and east to the Atlantic coast. C. l. longirostris is found in a narrower coastal band from Bahia south to eastern Santa Catarina. The species inhabits secondary forest, the edges and shrubby clearings of primary forest, mangroves, caatinga, and restinga. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 900 m (3,000 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The long-billed wren's diet has not been studied, and its foraging habits are not well known. It probably forages singly or in pairs, usually within 2 m (6.6 ft) of the ground but sometimes as high as 5 m (16 ft).<p>The long-billed wren's breeding season appears to coincide with its ranges' rainy season. Its breeding nest is a dome with a downward facing entrance tube; the species also builds "dormitory" nests for roosting.<p>Both sexes of the long-billed wren sing, sometimes alone and sometimes in duet. The songs are "loud and varied".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Red-faced Crombec
Sylvietta whytii
Small and virtually tailless warbler with a gray back and rufous underparts. The face is completely rufous, giving it an “open” impression. Found in a variety of savanna and woodland habitat, though mostly in Miombo in the southern part of its range. The song varies geographically: can be a soft warble or a trill. The call is a short, fast, wooden rattle. Northern and Long-billed Crombecs can look similar, but Red-faced is separated by its lack of an eye stripe.
Fiscal Flycatcher
Sigelus silens
A large pied flycatcher that is most commonly mistaken for Southern Fiscal. However, the upright stance and slender unhooked bill are distinctive flycatcher traits, and the pattern of white in the flight feathers and basal windows of the tail is diagnostic. The female is duller than the male. Singles and pairs frequent a variety of open country habitats, including gardens, parks, shrubland, and woodland, where they perch conspicuously and hawk insect prey from the ground or aerially. The species is mostly silent but occasionally it utters a thin high-pitched song. The similar Southern Fiscal is more robust than the Fiscal Flycatcher, with a chunky hook-tipped bill, a white V-pattern on the shoulders, and a long tail with white outer feathers.
Black-banded Barbet
Psilopogon javensis
Large barbet with an immense chisel-like bill. Leaf-green overall, with a red throat, black mask, and bright yellow crown and round spot at the base of the bill. Endemic to Java, where it inhabits lowland and foothill forests. Listen for its song, a series of hollow “took” notes, generally given in pairs. Like other barbets, often sluggish and difficult to see in the forest canopy.
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