Brubru
Nilaus afer
A small, mostly black-and-white bushshrike with a pale wing stripe and a checkered back. In most races a strong chestnut stripe runs from the shoulders to the flanks, but in some races it is absent. Females are less boldly marked than males. Pairs frequently join mixed-species flocks in arid savanna and broadleaf woodland, where they acrobatically glean for invertebrates. The species’ distinctive main call is remarkably telephone-like, a ringing burry “preeeeee” with some associated clicks and whistles.
识别特征
The brubru is a small passerine, 12–15 cm long. The adult male of the nominate subspecies, N. a. afer, has a black crown, white supercilium and forehead, and black eyestripe. The back is black with a tawny strip, the rump is mottled black, and the tail is black with white tips and edges to the outer feathers. The wings are black with a buff shoulder stripe. The underparts are white with rufous flanks.<p>The female is duller and browner, with some streaking on the underparts and less rufous on the flanks. The juvenile is mottled brown, buff and white above, with buff edgings to the wing and tail feathers. Its underparts are whitish with brown barring.<p>The male of the most distinctive of the other subspecies, N. a. nigritemporalis, occurring in the central belt across Africa, has no supercilium and a white, not buff, shoulder patch. Other subspecies differ in the extent of the supercilium and rufous flanks, and the shade and degree of streaking of the underparts.<p>The song is a duet. The male gives a soft prrrrruuu call, often answered by the female's eeeu.
分类信息
- 学名
- Nilaus afer
- 命名信息
- (Latham, 1801)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Malaconotidae
- 属
- Nilaus
分布与栖息地
Its habitat is dry open woodland, but varies geographically. The six northern races and the subspecies N. a. Brubru of southern Africa are found in acacia and broadleaved woodland, whereas the three subspecies in a belt from northeastern Angola and northern Namibia east to Tanzania and northern Mozambique occur in Brachystegia miombo woodland.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The brubru is usually solitary or found in pairs; it is a restless but unobtrusive arboreal species which hunts insects in the canopy. Its need for large trees in which to feed means that it has an unusually large territory for a bird of its size, typically 35 hectares. If insects are abundant, it will join mixed-species feeding flocks.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sao Tome Sunbird
Dreptes thomensis
An enormous, striking blue-black sunbird with a scythe-shaped beak, red-brown eyes, a white-tipped tail and yellow-buff flanks, making it unmistakable. Female and juvenile are smaller than male. An uncommon endemic resident in lowland and primary forest below 2000 meters across São Tomé, preferring the middle levels and canopy. Found in pairs and small groups, probing bark like a creeper. Song is an uncomplicated high-pitched wheezy “tseeeuw-tsit-zlik.” Lekking males give a “tik-tik-tik” call that is not very sunbird-like.
Camiguin Boobook
Ninox leventisi
A rare medium-sized owl of remnant broadleaf forest on Camiguin Island. Uniformly barred, with a brown head and upperparts, a pale bar behind the shoulder, warmer brown underparts, long whiskers around the face, and pale yellow eyes. Note the white throat patch. Song is a rapid series of fairly low “woop” notes, sometimes given in duet. White throat particularly noticeable when calling.
Visayan Cuckooshrike
Coracina panayensis
Burly gray cuckooshrike with dark eyes and a heavy bill. Both male and female are gray above and barred black-and-white below; also note barred rumps. Males also have a limited dark mask. Restricted to the Western Visayas of the Philippines, inhabiting lowland and foothill forest and forest edge on Negros and Panay; likely extirpated by near-complete native forest cover loss on Masbate, Ticao, and Guimaras. Forages at middle and upper levels of forest, sometimes associating with other species. Gives scratchy, high-pitched calls, often doubled or repeated. Formerly treated as part of a more broadly-defined “Bar-bellied Cuckooshrike”.
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