Green-winged Saltator
Saltator similis
A grosbeaklike bird found in the canopy and borders of humid forests. woodlands, and adjacent clearings, where it can be fairly common when not persecuted for the wild bird trade. Note the broad white eyebrow and black mustache contrasting with the dark gray face, giving it an angry look. Olive-green on the back with a white throat and light gray underparts. Similar to Buff-throated Saltator, but with a white (not buff) throat. The song is a series of soft whistles “chew-cho-chew-cho-chewee.”
识别特征
Slightly smaller than other species of the same genus, it has the same strong black beak that gave rise to the common name of these birds. As in the Saltator maximus , it has a green back, gray tail and sides of the head. The superciliary stripe is the longest of the three species (adult bird), with the "mustache" less defined and the throat all white. Underneath, gray dominates on the sides, becoming orange brown and white in the center of the belly. The wings are greenish. The juvenile does not have such a long stripe, being the same failed or nonexistent, right after leaving the nest. Some juveniles are striped below.<p>Very energetic and fortified beak (which gave the name “iron crack”), with tail differentiated in size. There are no bodily differences between males and females.<p>Its singing varies slightly from region to region, although it maintains the same timbre.
分类信息
It has two recognized subspecies :<p>Birds Brazil CBRO - 2015 (Piacentini et al. 2015); (Clements checklist, 2014); ITIS - (Integrated Taxonomic Information System - 2015).
- 学名
- Saltator similis
- 命名信息
- d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thraupidae
- 属
- Saltator
分布与栖息地
It lives in edges of forests and clearings. It is always associated with forests, occupying the middle and upper strata. It is distributed in the central part of Brazil and the northeast, in Bahia in the south of the country, Rio Grande do Sul and throughout the Southeast region, in addition to neighboring international borders, such as Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay.<p>
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Saltator similis is a typical omnivore, feeding on fruits, insects, seeds, leaves and flowers (like those of the Ypê). Enjoys the fruits of tapiá or tanheiro (Alchornea glandulosa).The male usually brings food to the female.<p>The nest, built in bushes 1 to 2 meters high, is a spacious bowl, about 12 centimeters in outer diameter, made with large dry leaves secured by some branches, resulting in a loose construction; small roots and herbs are placed inside. The 2 or 3 eggs, elongated, measure about 29 by 18 millimeters and are light blue or blue-green, with small and large spots on the blunt pole, forming a crown. During the breeding period, he lives strictly with couples, being extremely loyal to a territory.<p><p>In Brazil, Saltator similis is appreciated by its singing abilities, with different varieties being identified by their particular singing (var. "Boi" and var. "João"). Birds are captured illegally, particularly in areas of Atlantic Forest, near urban centers, where they are traded in the black market. IBAMA has been effective in curbing such practices and the number of illegal birds captured has decreased from 2000 to 2014. However, with cuts in budget, and therefore less fiscalization, the numbers can be much higher [data needed].
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
White-throated Magpie-Jay
Cyanocorax formosus
Spectacular, large, and often conspicuous jay of tropical lowland forests, plantations, and semiopen areas with hedges and tall trees; prefers drier areas, but locally in rather humid situations. Usually in small groups and can be surprisingly inconspicuous if feeding quietly. At other times, unavoidably noisy and impossible to overlook. No similar species in range. Note crest, white face and throat, and long white-edged tail.
Chestnut-bellied Starling
Lamprotornis pulcher
A chunky, short-tailed, colorful savanna starling. Adults have a mostly brown head, a dark green hood and upperparts, and a rufous belly. There is a pale buffy patch in the underwing that is conspicuous in flight. Immatures are duller, with completely pale, buffy underparts. Found in dry savanna and thorn scrub, usually in small flocks, sometimes with other species of starlings. The common call is a short descending trill with a vibrating quality.
Common Reed Warbler
Acrocephalus scirpaceus
Rather plain medium-sized warbler: warm brown above with narrow pale spectacles, pale buffy below. Can be very difficult to separate from other reed warbler species. Most populations breed in reed or sedge beds, both pure and mixed with bushes, often wandering to adjacent scrub and thickets. “Mangrove” Reed Warbler is a resident in mangroves along the Red Sea. Non-breeding migratory birds may wind up in a wide range of habitats, from marshes to mangroves, to acacia scrub and cultivation. Often heard but can be hard to see: prolonged song much like Sedge Warbler but more even-paced and melodic, without rough and jerky phrases. Calls include a low “chuk” and rattled “chrrt.”
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