Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike
Hemipus hirundinaceus
Small forest-dwelling bird; glossy black above and white below, with a slight gray cast to the chest. Forages at upper and middle levels of the lowland and hill forests, hawking from exposed perches and often moving as part of a mixed flock. Gives a buzzy and repetitive rollicking song: “bee-jee-jee-jee, bee-jee-jee-jee”.
识别特征
The black-winged flycatcher-shrike is about 15 cm (5.9 in) long. The male's head and upperparts are black, having a green sheen. The rump has black and white bars, and the tail is black. The chin and upper throat are white, the lower throat and breast are gull grey, and the belly is white. The leg feathers are dark grey. The eyes are dark brown, and the beak and feet are black. The female's upperparts are sooty brown instead of black. The juvenile bird has a brownish black beak and sooty brown upperparts with buff fringes.
分类信息
Thomas Horsfield described this species as Muscicapa obscura in 1821, and it was later transferred to the genus Hemipus, as Hemipus obscurus. Because Muscicapa obscura was an unavailable name, the name Muscicapa hirundinacea published by Coenraad Jacob Temminck in 1822 was used, making the name Hemipus hirundinaceus. The IOC World Bird List transferred the genus Hemipus from Campephagidae, the cuckooshrikes, to Tephrodornithidae, the woodshrikes, because it was found to be closely related to Tephrodornis in 2006. The Handbook of the Birds of the World places both genera in Vangidae.
- 学名
- Hemipus hirundinaceus
- 命名信息
- (Temminck, 1822)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Vangidae
- 属
- Hemipus
分布与栖息地
This species ranges from the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra, Borneo, Java and Bali. A record from southern Tenasserim is not supported by evidence. It is found below 800 m (2,600 ft) in elevation and is more common below 300 m (980 ft); this is usually lower than the bar-winged flycatcher-shrike (Hemipus picatus). The black-winged flycatcher-shrike lives in the canopy of lowland forests and forest edges and along forest roads and streams, and it sometimes occurs in swamps, mangroves and secondary forest.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
This flycatcher-shrike catches insects from the underside of leaves and in the air, often perching at an exposed location. It is most often found in pairs and also occurs singly, in small parties and in mixed-species foraging flocks. Its calls include a wirrawik and a sharp chisi-wik, and its song is a high-pitched twee wi-wi-wi-wi. Breeding has been inferred to occur from February to July. The cone-shaped nest is attached to a branch using cobweb. The male collects pieces of bark, lichen, fibres and cobweb, and the female shapes the nest by pressing its body against it. The bark camouflages the nest, making it hard to spot. The eggs are white, with dark brown spots. Moulting occurs from May to at least August. The primaries are replaced starting outwards from the innermost feathers.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow-green Grosbeak
Caryothraustes canadensis
A well-named grosbeak that is olive-greenish above and brighter yellow below, with a distinctive black face and a stout bill with a silver base. Disjunct range stretches from eastern Panama to southeast Brazil. Occurs in the subcanopy of lowland forest, up to around 1,000 m. Typically found in small groups, sometimes as a part of a larger mixed-species flock. Often draws attention to itself with piercing buzzy and squeaky calls. Not likely confused, but compare with female Red-and-black Grosbeak, which has entirely black head.
Stripe-faced Wood-Quail
Odontophorus balliviani
Chunky, dark brown quail of cloud forest and elfin forest. Dark brown body is spotted white below; black bandit mask and reddish crown are distinctive. May be found singly, in pairs, or in small groups. Quite secretive, and often goes undetected until flushed suddenly from nearly underfoot. Forages on the ground, climbing over mossy tree roots and scraping aside leaves with its feet to look for small prey. Listen for its low caroling song given at dusk, an often duetted “dwee-put, dwee-put….”
Gray-rumped Swift
Chaetura cinereiventris
Small dark swift; look for the large gray rump patch. Very similar to other swifts like Costa Rican (no range overlap), Vaux’s, and Band-rumped. A good view of the rump is helpful, but caution is always warranted with swift identification. Usually seen in flocks, sometimes quite large, feeding over habitats such as forests, clearings, open fields, and lakes.
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