Black Metaltail
Metallura phoebe
Unusually dark hummingbird endemic to the high Andes of Peru. Plumage is mostly black with subtle hints of red and green. The tail is coppery when seen in good light, and it has a small white spot behind the eye. Adult male has a glittering green throat patch, which is smaller in females and absent in immature birds. Inhabits dense scrub and short forest. Often gives high-pitched, piping squeaks, either alone or in a short, descending series.
识别特征
The black metaltail is 11.5 to 12.5 cm (4.5 to 4.9 in) long and weighs about 6 g (0.21 oz). It has a medium length, straight, black bill. The adult male is overall black with a purplish or rosy gray sheen. Its slightly forked tail is iridescent bronzy gold and rosy gray on its upper side and glittering golden-orange on its underside. It has a conspicuous white spot behind the eye and its gorget is glittering turquoise green. The adult female is overall dark smoky gray with a smaller gorget than the male. Juveniles are similar to the female but without a gorget.
分类信息
The black metaltail is monotypic. Slight differences between populations in the north and south of its range have led to speculation that it might have two subspecies. It appears to be the basal species of the genus Metallura.
- 学名
- Metallura phoebe
- 命名信息
- (Lesson, RP & Delattre, 1839)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Metallura
分布与栖息地
The black metaltail is found on the western slope of the Peruvian Andes from southern Cajamarca Department south almost to the Chilean border. It also occurs in some valleys within the Andes. Its range might extend into Chile though as of 2022 there are no records there. It inhabits montane scrublands, woodlands, and canyons, especially those with Polylepis and Puya. In elevation it ranges between 1,500 and 4,500 m (4,900 and 14,800 ft) and is most common above 2,700 m (8,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The black metaltail is believed to be sedentary but some seasonal elevational movement is possible.<p>The black metaltail feeds on nectar from a wide variety of low flowers and flowering bushes, shrubs, and trees. It also eats small insects. It usually takes nectar while hovering but will also cling to flowers and sometimes "rob" nectar by piercing the base of a flower. Males defend feeding territories.<p>The black metaltail's egg-laying season is thought to span from July to January. Three nests have been described; they were cups made of moss and lined with feathers. One was on a steep mossy bank and the other two were built into the bases of unused nests of other bird species, perhaps a canastero of genus Asthenes. The female alone incubates the clutch of two eggs. The incubation period and time to fledging are not known.<p>What is thought to be the black metaltail's song is "a repeated high-pitched single note, tsee.....tsee.....tsee...". Its presumed chase call is "a descending series of 4–6 high-pitched notes reminiscent of a Picumnus piculet". It also makes a repeated "short dry trill; djrrt...and longer dry chatters."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
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