Grauer's Swamp Warbler

A small bird with a long curved bill. Adults have an obvious dark cap (black on males and gray on females) and mask with dark marks down the side of the chest. Note the white corners to the fanned tail that can be obvious in flight. Young birds are plain buff-colored underneath and plain brown above. Young birds could be confused with female Scarlet Myzomela (Scarlet Honeyeater), but note longer bill of spinebill. Eastern Spinebills are active and fast, darting around quickly between flowering trees in wetter forested areas as well as parks and gardens. Voice is a loud repetitive piping whistle.

Scarce hummingbird of humid evergreen forest and edge in tropical lowlands. Favors shady understory, especially with Heliconia flowers. Usually visits flowers briefly and whips away with a sharp buzzy squeak. Note long arched bill (yellowish below), striped face, blackish throat patch, and rusty breast patch. Striking tail pattern, black with white tips, and a white base that is only readily seen when the tail is spread.

Small, slender, and long-tailed bird found only on islands along major rivers in the Amazon basin. Distinctive in its specialized habitat with yellow underparts and eyebrow, and conspicuous white patches in its wings and tail. Typically found in pairs, which are often hard to see as they skulk in dense, grassy thickets. Vocalizations include rich, inflected whistles and energetic, rattled churrs, often given as a duet. Birds from northeastern Brazil are now considered a different species, Bahia Wagtail-Tyrant.