Tawny-browed Owl
Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana
Large brown owl with dark eyes and distinctive white semicircles on its face. Streaked below with distinctive pale white bars. Found mainly in open woodland, especially with Araucaria trees. The song is a deep and low “uh-uh-uh–prupruprrrr.”
识别特征
The tawny-browed owl is about 44 cm (17 in) long. Males weigh 405 to 562 g (14.3 to 19.8 oz) and females 331 to 670 g (11.7 to 23.6 oz). It has a brown facial disk surrounded by ochre, a white chin patch, and creamy "brows" over chestnut-brown eyes. Its breast, upperparts, and tail are dark chocolate brown, and the tail has white bars. The belly is buff and the rest of the underparts are light ochre. The juvenile is initially almost entirely white and gradually attains adult plumage over several years.
分类信息
The tawny-browed owl may form a superspecies with band-bellied owl (Pulsatrix melanota). It has been suggested that they are conspecific but they have different morphology and vocalizations. It is monotypic.
- 学名
- Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana
- 命名信息
- (Bertoni, MS & Bertoni, AW, 1901)
- 目
- Strigiformes
- 科
- Strigidae
- 属
- Pulsatrix
分布与栖息地
The tawny-browed owl is found in Brazil from Espírito Santo state south to northern Rio Grande do Sul and the immediately adjacent areas of eastern Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. It inhabits humid tropical forest, open woodland, and forest dominated by Araucaria evergreens. In elevation it ranges from sea level to about 1,500 m (4,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The tawny-browed owl is nocturnal. It hunts in the canopy from a perch, taking small mammals, birds, large insects, and probably other small vertebrates.<p>The tawny-browed owl's breeding phenology has been poorly studied. Its nesting season has not been determined. The clutch size is usually two, laid in a tree cavity, and incubated by the female. Both parents care for fledged young.<p>The male tawny-browed owl makes a "[l]ow, descending sequence of guttural, ventriloquial 'brrr brrr brrr brrr' or 'ut ut ut ut ut' notes, accelerating and weaker at [the] end", to which the female responds with a higher pitched call.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Rufous-tailed Flatbill
Ramphotrigon ruficauda
Smallish flycatcher, characteristic of forests on sandy soils and seasonally flooded forests. Heard more often than seen. Best told by bright rufous tail and flight feather edges contrasting with greenish-brown body. Singles or pairs inhabit the mid-story of tall forest and typically do not associate with other species. Sits upright and sallies to foliage for insects. In western Amazonia, told from Dusky-tailed Flatbill by clearer (less mottled) breast and extensive rufous in wings and tail. Voice is a single, lazy whistle, with characteristic strong inflection in the middle.
Yellow-streaked Warbler
Phylloscopus armandii
Dull brownish leaf warbler. Brown above with brownish-yellow underparts. Extremely similar in appearance to Radde’s Warbler, but Yellow-streaked has a more contrastingly pale brow stripe, finer bill, and fine yellow streaks on the breast. The breast streaks themselves are often not visible, instead appearing as a faint yellow wash from a distance. Dusky Warbler is somewhat similar but is much browner overall with a darker brow stripe and less contrast between upper- and underparts. Breeds in subalpine shrubbery and descends into foothills to winter in similar habitat. Song is a series of cascading tinkling, buzzy notes. Gives metallic “tinks”.
Venezuelan Bristle-Tyrant
Pogonotriccus venezuelanus
Small olive-yellow flycatcher with black ear patch, gray crown, pinkish lower mandible, and bold, contrasting yellowish wing bars. Sexes similar. Found alone or in pairs, usually at medium to high levels in forest. Occurs in mature humid forest of montane regions. Voice a fast and descending trill “trrrrrr tzee tzee tzee tzee…” Distinguished from Marble-faced Bristle-Tyrant by contrasting black wing coverts and bold yellowish wingbars, pinkish (not gray) lower mandible, and cleaner face. Endemic to the Coastal Cordillera of Venezuela.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。