Red Spurfowl
Galloperdix spadicea
Slightly smaller than a domestic chicken, but longer bodied and reddish in color. Females have more barring on the upperparts than males. It is a bird of dry and moist forests as well as well-wooded villages. Males have a distinctive, rapidly repeated “k-r-r-r-kwek, kr-kr-kwek, kr-kr-kwek” call, often delivered in the mornings and evenings. When flushed males and females give a harsh, cackling “kuk-kuk-kuk-kukaak.” Forages in the undergrowth and is generally secretive, but often seen crossing roads or walking down paths in pairs or small groups. Birds from northern India are more buffish-gray while birds of southern India are darker.
识别特征
Overall reddish-brown, this large partridge-like bird has a somewhat long tail. The upper parts are brown with dark barring while the face and neck are more grey in the male. The underside is rufous with dark markings and both sexes have a red facial skin patch and red legs with one or two spurs (rarely three or four while females may have none). Downy chicks have an unmarked cinnamon brown head, a dark brown band along the back bordered by creamy stripes edged with thin lines of dark brown. The male of the distinctive Kerala race, G. s. stewarti has all-chestnut plumage, including the head feathers. Both sexes have long feathers on the crown that can be erected into a crest.
分类信息
The red spurfowl was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with all the grouse like birds in the genus Tetrao and coined the binomial name Tetrao spadiceus. Gmelin based his description on Pierre Sonnerat's "La perdrix rouge de Madagascar". Gmelin specified the type locality as Madagascar. This is an error, the species is found in India. The red spurfowl is now placed with painted spurfowl and the Sri Lanka spurfowl in the genus Galloperdix that was introduced in 1845 by the English zoologist Edward Blyth. The genus name combines the Latin word gallus for a "farmyard cock" with perdix meaning "partridge". The specific epithet spadicea is from Latin spadix, spadicis meaning "chestnut-coloured" or "date-coloured".<p>Three subspecies are recognised:<p>In colouration, the females show clinal variation becoming darker towards the south of their range. The name used in Marathi was recorded as Kokee-tree and is probably onomatopoeic.
- 学名
- Galloperdix spadicea
- 命名信息
- (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
- 目
- Galliformes
- 科
- Phasianidae
- 属
- Galloperdix
分布与栖息地
The species is found in scrub, dry and moist-deciduous forests often in hilly country. They are found south of the Ganges across India. They prefer areas with good undergrowth including those formed by the invasive Lantana.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: stable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Masked Apalis
Apalis binotata
A small, slender warbler with greenish upperparts and reddish eyes; gray crown and cheeks are separated from the black throat by a striking white moustache. Juvenile has a green crown and a yellow throat. Locally common at scattered locations in lowland forest below 1500 meters of elevation, preferring the lower strata of primary and secondary forest and scrub in clearings. Pairs give a continuous buzzy “dree-lip, dreep-lip, dree-lip” and a dry “strik-strik-strik.” Masked Apalis looks similar to some montane forest apalises, but Black-throated Apalis has a striking yellow-orange belly, and Black-faced Apalis, an Albertine Rift endemic, has a black crown and the moustachial streak reduced to a neck spot.
Brown-backed Honeyeater
Ramsayornis modestus
Small and brown with mostly white underparts; bill pinkish; clear, thin white line under the eye. Juvenile has brown streaking on the breast, whereas adults have subtle brown scalloping. Often found in flowering trees near or overhanging water, this species occupies a wide variety of coastal habitats in far northeast Australia and New Guinea.
Wing-barred Seedeater
Sporophila americana
Small seed-eating bird with a thick black bill. Male strikingly black-and-white, with much variation in extent of black breastband and white wingbars. Averages darker at western end of range (Ecuador and Peru), paler along coast of northeastern South America. Separated from other black-and-white seedeaters by dark bill, white throat and collar imparting cowled appearance. No known range overlap with similar Variable Seedeater. Females nondescript brown and very difficult to distinguish from other seedeaters, sometimes best left unidentified. Look for thick black bill with curved culmen. Found in disturbed habitats including pastures, river edges, and scrubby weedy areas. Usually in pairs or small flocks, sometimes mixed with other seedeater species.
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