Hylocitrea

A dull and poorly marked prinia with a strong bill and a long, graduated tail. Light brown above with faint dark streaking. Pale below, sometimes with some dark smudging along the sides of the breast. Found at low and moderate elevations in open dry forest, shrubby areas, and forest or agricultural edges. Can be retiring and difficult to see in dense vegetation. Sings two different song types: a dry rolling trill and a repeated two-syllabled “tulip.” Separated from other prinias by its overall plainness and lack of contrasting head markings.

Large, spectacular woodpecker with crimson upperparts, black-scaled pale underparts, and a crested head. Males have a red crest, females a black crest with fine white markings. Endemic to Sri Lanka. Typically in pairs, in the understory of forests and woodlands, where it regularly joins mixed species flocks; can also occasionally be found in disturbed areas or home gardens. Note the pale ivory colored bill, and lack of a prominent white eyebrow, unlike the similar Red-backed Flameback. Also note a distinctive elliptical marking on the face below the eye, which distinguishes this flameback from all other flamebacks on Sri Lanka. Frequently given call is a rapid, fast-paced, high-pitched trill, usually getting quieter and decelerating at the end. A fast-paced, descending drum is also given regularly; both the call and drum are different from that of the more common Red-backed Flameback.

Small and compact nightjar of vegetated semi-desert habitats. Overall rather pale sandy-brown, but note the distinctive rusty hind-collar and buff tips on scapulars and coverts when sitting on the ground. In flight flashes big white patches on wings and tail corners and wings appear relatively short and rounded. Also note the rich rusty underwing. Breeds under bushes, forages in open habitats, and often sits on tracks in the road. Vocalizations sound similar to a distant double-bark, "Kau-kau, kau-kau…"