Madagascar Ibis
Lophotibis cristata
A rather fantastical forest-dwelling ibis with a colorful face, white wing, and rich brown body. Endemic to Madagascar, where it is most frequently encountered in eastern rainforest, though it also occurs locally in western deciduous forest. Roosts and nests in trees, and feeds on the forest floor. Extremely shy, and unless spooked will rapidly flee from disturbance on foot. Very loud and vocal, giving a long and agitated series of wheezy, whining notes. Calls most often at dawn and dusk and during the night.
识别特征
The Madagascar ibis, with a length of 50 cm (20 in), is among the largest birds in the Madagascar forest. The head is black and the upper parts are rufous brown. The chin, neck and throat and underparts are dark brown and the wing largely white. Part of the face is naked and red, including round the eye, and the crown and back of the neck bear a crest of long feathers which are black with a metallic sheen. In the subspecies L. c. cristata, the sheen is green and there are flecks of white; in the subspecies L. c. urschi, the throat, neck and crest have a greenish sheen mixed with yellowish-orange, and the body colour is darker chestnut. The iris is brown, the very long beak is horn-coloured and the legs and feet are red.
分类信息
The Madagascar ibis was described by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in 1781 in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux from a specimen collected on the island of Madagascar. The bird was also illustrated in a hand-coloured plate engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet in the Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle which was produced under the supervision of Edme-Louis Daubenton to accompany Buffon's text. Neither the plate caption nor Buffon's description included a scientific name but in 1783 the Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert coined the binomial name Tantalus cristatus in his catalogue of the Planches Enluminées. The Madagascar ibis is now the only species placed in the genus Lophotibis that was erected by the German naturalist Ludwig Reichenbach in 1853. The name of the genus combines the Ancient Greek lophos meaning "crest" and ibis; the specific epithet cristata is from the Latin crustatus meaning "crest".
- 学名
- Lophotibis cristata
- 命名信息
- (Boddaert, 1783)
- 目
- Pelecaniformes
- 科
- Threskiornithidae
- 属
- Lophotibis
分布与栖息地
The Madagascar ibis is endemic to the woodlands and forests of Madagascar at altitudes of up to 2,000 m (6,600 ft). It is found in both primary and secondary forest, including humid forest in the northeast of the island and dry forests in the west and south.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Its diet consists mainly of insects, spiders, frogs, reptiles, snails and invertebrates. The female usually lays three eggs in a platform nest made from twigs and branches.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Vanuatu Whistler
Pachycephala chlorura
A brightly colored bird with a bright golden belly, a black chest and head, and a clean white throat. Back, wings, and tail olive. Found in most habitats, including urban gardens. Voice includes a series of loud whistles ending in a two-noted whipcrack sound.
Horsfield's Babbler
Malacocincla sepiaria
A small, dull babbler with a short tail. Brown with a gray head and pale underparts. Dark gray crown, faintly streaked breast, and brighter buffy wash on the flanks eliminate similar-looking Abbott’s Babbler. Similarly drab White-chested and Sooty-capped babblers have longer tails and bills. Found in lowland and foothill forests. Typical song is a sharp chip followed by a whistled note or two: “chi puh-weee!”; Javan birds add a longer, ascending whistle to the end.
Olive Flyrobin
Kempiella flavovirescens
A small bird of lowland and foothill forest midstory. Olive upperparts, yellowish-olive below and brighter yellow throat. Note the split yellow eye-ring and bicolored bill, black above and orange below. Similar to Yellow-legged Flycatcher but Olive Flyrobin has a yellow rather than white throat. Also similar to Lemon-bellied Flycatcher but Olive Flyrobin has a distinct eye-ring and is found in forest rather than savanna. Voice, and up-and-down, medium-pitch, whistled song and a thin “tseep” call.
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