Madagascar Ibis
Lophotibis cristata
A rather fantastical forest-dwelling ibis with a colorful face, white wing, and rich brown body. Endemic to Madagascar, where it is most frequently encountered in eastern rainforest, though it also occurs locally in western deciduous forest. Roosts and nests in trees, and feeds on the forest floor. Extremely shy, and unless spooked will rapidly flee from disturbance on foot. Very loud and vocal, giving a long and agitated series of wheezy, whining notes. Calls most often at dawn and dusk and during the night.
识别特征
The Madagascar ibis, with a length of 50 cm (20 in), is among the largest birds in the Madagascar forest. The head is black and the upper parts are rufous brown. The chin, neck and throat and underparts are dark brown and the wing largely white. Part of the face is naked and red, including round the eye, and the crown and back of the neck bear a crest of long feathers which are black with a metallic sheen. In the subspecies L. c. cristata, the sheen is green and there are flecks of white; in the subspecies L. c. urschi, the throat, neck and crest have a greenish sheen mixed with yellowish-orange, and the body colour is darker chestnut. The iris is brown, the very long beak is horn-coloured and the legs and feet are red.
分类信息
The Madagascar ibis was described by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in 1781 in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux from a specimen collected on the island of Madagascar. The bird was also illustrated in a hand-coloured plate engraved by François-Nicolas Martinet in the Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle which was produced under the supervision of Edme-Louis Daubenton to accompany Buffon's text. Neither the plate caption nor Buffon's description included a scientific name but in 1783 the Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert coined the binomial name Tantalus cristatus in his catalogue of the Planches Enluminées. The Madagascar ibis is now the only species placed in the genus Lophotibis that was erected by the German naturalist Ludwig Reichenbach in 1853. The name of the genus combines the Ancient Greek lophos meaning "crest" and ibis; the specific epithet cristata is from the Latin crustatus meaning "crest".
- 学名
- Lophotibis cristata
- 命名信息
- (Boddaert, 1783)
- 目
- Pelecaniformes
- 科
- Threskiornithidae
- 属
- Lophotibis
分布与栖息地
The Madagascar ibis is endemic to the woodlands and forests of Madagascar at altitudes of up to 2,000 m (6,600 ft). It is found in both primary and secondary forest, including humid forest in the northeast of the island and dry forests in the west and south.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Its diet consists mainly of insects, spiders, frogs, reptiles, snails and invertebrates. The female usually lays three eggs in a platform nest made from twigs and branches.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Brahminy Starling
Sturnia pagodarum
A small fawn-colored starling with a long wispy crest that usually lies limp over the back of its head, but the feathers on its cheek and upper breast stand up and away from its cheek. Its upperparts are gray and the dark tail is tipped in white. Note the yellow bill with a blue base. Often seen in small family groups, feeding on fruits and nectar as well as insects on the ground or in the trees. They have a wide repertoire of calls and are also given to mimicking other species.
Olive Long-tailed Cuckoo
Cercococcyx olivinus
Dark gray cuckoo with an unusually long tail and barring on the underparts. Found in forest and thick woodland. Shy and retiring, and most easily found by voice. There are two main vocalizations. One is a long series of slurred “treow” calls which become more emphatic. This sometimes leads into the second call type, which is a three-noted “toot twet tow.” Very similar to Dusky Long-tailed Cuckoo, and best separated by voice, but also identified by paler upperparts, narrower barring on the underparts, and paler rufous on the undertail.
Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch
Leucosticte tephrocotis
The most widespread rosy-finch. Body is the color of milk chocolate. Look for pink highlights in the wings, tail and belly. Several different populations; some have gray wrapping around the back of the head only above the eye, others have entirely gray cheek. Breeds at the highest elevations; descends to lower elevations in winter. Often in mixed flocks in winter with other rosy-finches. Feeds on seeds and insects. Look for them foraging on alpine snowfields. Visits feeders, primarily in winter.
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