Hair-crested Drongo
Dicrurus hottentottus
A large and stocky black drongo with glimmering blue iridescence on the wings, breast, and neck. Note triangular tail with flaring tips that curl out sideways and a large, curved bill with which it crushes insects and probes for nectar. Long, thin, hair-like feathers on its forehead, present only in some subspecies, may be visible at close range. Birds in Java and Sulawesi have white eyes. Encountered singly or in small flocks; also joins foraging flocks with other species. Found in a wide range of forested habitats, where it often uses exposed perches. Calls include a varied jumble of various harsh screeches, nasal yelps, metallic sounds, and beeps.
识别特征
The hair-crested drongo (Dicrurus hottentottus) is an Asian bird of the family Dicruridae. This species was formerly considered conspecific with Dicrurus bracteatus, for which the name "spangled drongo" – formerly used for both – is now usually reserved. Some authorities include the Sumatran drongo (D. sumatranus) in D. hottentottus as subspecies. It is native from Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Bhutan through Indochina to China, Indonesia, and Brunei. Hair-crested drongos move in small flocks and are very noisy. The "spangled drongo", Dicrurus bracteatus, is native on the east coast of Australia and its name is a pejorative slang for a silly person. This may be due to its strange chattering and cackling.
分类信息
In 1760, French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the hair-crested drongo in his Ornithologie based on a specimen that he mistakenly believed had been collected from the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. He used the French name Le choucas du Cap de Bonne Espérance and the Latin Monedula Capitis Bonae Spei. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. When in 1766, Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus updated his Systema Naturae for the 12th edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the hair-crested drongo. Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Corvus hottentottus and cited Brisson's work. The type locality was subsequently corrected to Chandannagar in West Bengal. The specific name hottentottus is from "Hottentot", a term formerly used for the Khoikhoi, a nomadic pastoral people of southwest Africa. This species is now placed in the genus Dicrurus that was introduced for the drongos by French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot in 1816.<p>Twelve subspecies are currently recognised, although some have been proposed as separate species:<p>Notes:<p>Several other former subspecies are now recognised as separate species or subspecies of other species in the species complex, the Tablas drongo (Dicrurus menagei) and the Palawan drongo (Dicrurus palawanensis, including subspecies cuyensis).
- 学名
- Dicrurus hottentottus
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1766)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Dicruridae
- 属
- Dicrurus
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Red-browed Pardalote
Pardalotus rubricatus
Tiny colorful bird of inland and northern parts of Australia. Mousy gray brown above, creamy below, with white-speckled black crown, yellowish brow, red spot above the stubby bill, and pale eye. Note prominent yellow wing panel, unique among pardalote species. Compare Striated Pardalote, which has a streaked crown, no yellow wing panel, and a yellow spot behind the eye. Call is a low note followed by five quick higher-pitched whistles "yoouuuu-did-did-did-did-did."
Salvadori's Nightjar
Caprimulgus pulchellus
Small and generally uncommon nightjar, endemic to the forested highlands of Sumatra and Java. Favors openings in the understory within wooded areas such as roads and small clearings. Dark overall and rather short-tailed (wingtips reach tail tip), with a pale patch on the wing (white in males, tan in females). Listen for its song, a long and even series of rapid “chup” notes.
Long-crested Pygmy-Tyrant
Lophotriccus eulophotes
Small, tufted flycatcher found locally in lowland rainforest. Perches upright, making quick flights between perches to catch flying insects. Brown, with long crest feathers that are speckled black and white. Occurs singly or in pairs in bamboo or dense secondary growth; occasionally joins mixed-species flocks. Its song is a series of short “pit” calls that accelerate into a short descending trill.
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