Cauca Guan
Penelope perspicax
Large, turkeylike bird found only in western and southwestern Colombia, mostly in the Cauca Valley. Distinguished from Andean Guan by bright cinnamon (not brown) wings and tail and much larger skin patch on throat; it is also typically found at lower elevations. Also similar to Crested Guan (limited overlap), but wings are brighter cinnamon. Cauca Guan inhabits cloud forest and usually stays up in the trees, but occasionally feeds on the ground. It is rare in most of its range, but is easy to see in certain protected areas such as the Otún Quimbaya Sanctuary.
识别特征
These are large birds, measuring c.75–85 cm in length, with the typical plump body, long tail and small head of the Cracidae species. The head, neck and mantle of the Cauca guan are dark grey, blending into the reddish chestnut colour of the rump, scapulars, wing coverts and upper tail surfaces. The primary flight feathers are greyish-brown. The undersides of the tail feathers are grey. The grey feathers of the mantle, throat, breast and belly are outlined in white, creating a scaled appearance. The bird has a prominent bright red gular sac which is larger than that of the Andean guan, a possible confusion species. The tarsi and feet are red, as are the eyes. The bill is dark grey.
分类信息
The bird was first formally described in 1911 by the American ornithologist Outram Bangs, based on the type specimen collected on 5 June 1908 by Mervin G. Palmer at San Luis in the Bitaco Valley of western Colombia. All four of the major taxonomic authorities recognize Cauca guan as a species.<p>The genus name Penelope derives from the Ancient Greek penelops - a type of duck which was said to have rescued Penelope after she was thrown into the sea. The species epithet perspicax is Latin for sharp-sighted.<p>The species is monotypic - no subspecies are recognized.
- 学名
- Penelope perspicax
- 命名信息
- Bangs, 1911
- 目
- Galliformes
- 科
- Cracidae
- 属
- Penelope
分布与栖息地
The Cauca guan is endemic to Colombia. Historically it was found in the Cauca River valley between Quindío Department and Cerro Munchique in Cauca, and on the Pacific slope of the Cordillera Occidental (Western Andes) in Valle del Cauca and Cauca. It may also have been present at the headwaters of the Magdalena River. By the 1980s it was thought to be extinct, but small surviving populations have since been found within the departments of Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Quindío and Risaralda.<p>The altitudinal range of the Cauca guan is between 900 and 2500 metres above sea level. It inhabits humid primary and secondary forest, forest edges and tree plantations, including plantations of introduced species such as Fraxinus sinensis (Chinese ash) and Pinus patula (patula pine).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Versicolored Barbet
Eubucco versicolor
Brightly colored barbet of montane forest. Males are green with a yellow breast, a red belly band, and a red head; the color of the whisker can be blue or yellow depending on the subspecies. Females have a blue face and a greener body. Both sexes have a pale greenish-yellow bill. Often found singly or in pairs with mixed-species flocks, foraging in the mid-story and canopy of humid forest. Listen for a musical purr with a punctuated introductory note: “PA-prrrrr.”
Bernier's Vanga
Oriolia bernieri
Large, slim, dark, long-billed vanga. Males are glossy black, females are rich brown with dark bars, and both sexes show a piercing pale eye. Rare and localized Madagascar endemic that is found in northeastern rainforest at low and middle elevations, usually in swampy areas with abundant pandanus. Feeds in the mid-story, moving restlessly. Often joins flocks with other large vangas. Call is a squeaky, explosive “cheedt” that is given frequently.
Mascarene Swiftlet
Aerodramus francicus
Small gray swift with a slightly paler rump and belly. Flight is fast but erratic, with the wings pushed forward. Nests in caves, but can be seen in flight over all habitats on the islands of Mauritius and Reunion. The calls include high-pitched twitters and echolocation clicks. Usually easy to identify, as it is the only resident swift on the Mascarenes. Occurs alongside Mascarene Martin, but distinguished by the gray rather than brown overall coloration, unstreaked underparts, and more erratic flight style.
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