Outcrop Sabrewing
Campylopterus calcirupicola
Large, rather drab hummingbird, green above and light gray below. Note the white spot behind the eye. Occurs at high elevations in deciduous dry forests on outcrops of limestone. Very similar to Gray-breasted Sabrewing, but ranges do not overlap.
识别特征
The outcrop sabrewing is very similar to its "parents", the grey-breasted and especially the Diamantina sabrewings. Males weigh about 7.0 g (0.25 oz) and females 5.9 g (0.21 oz). The sexes have almost identical plumage. Their bill is long and slightly decurved. Their upperparts are bright bronze green with coppery reflections on the darker crown. They have a white spot behind the eye. Their underparts are pale gray that lightens to whitish on the abdomen and light gray on the undertail coverts. Their central pair of tail feathers is bright bronze green, the next pair bright bronze green with a dark olive gray spot at the end, and the rest have bright bronze green bases, narrow dark olive gray bands near the tip, and white tips.
分类信息
What is now the outcrop sabrewing was treated as part of the diamatinensis subspecies of the grey-breasted sabrewing (Campylopterus largipennis). In a 2017 paper Lopes et al. provided convincing evidence that both the outcrop sabrewing and diamatinensis sensu stricto deserved species status. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society and worldwide taxonomic systems agreed, recognizing the outcrop and Diamantina sabrewings. Both are monotypic.
- 学名
- Campylopterus calcirupicola
- 命名信息
- Lopes, de Vasconcelos & Gonzaga, 2017
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Campylopterus
分布与栖息地
The outcrop sabrewing is found only in a small part of eastern Brazil. It is known from northeastern Goiás, southwestern Bahia, and northern Minas Gerais, and suspected to also be found in southeastern Tocantins and southern Piauí. Though exact details of its habitat requirements have not been determined, it is known mostly from dry forests on limestone outcrops and calcareous soils derived from them. It is known only in a very limited elevational range between 460 and 880 m (1,500 and 2,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Slender-billed Finch
Xenospingus concolor
Long-tailed, often rather skulking “finch” (actually a tanager) of scrub, hedges, and riverside thickets in desert lowlands, where no very similar species are found. Adult blue-gray overall with slender, bright yellow bill, and yellow legs; tail often held cocked. Immature looks very different: streaky overall with white eyering and slender yellow bill (darker on youngest birds). Voice notably varied: chips, clucks, and chatters usually given from cover.
Giant Kingbird
Tyrannus cubensis
A large flycatcher typically found singly or in pairs hunting from upper branches in wooded areas. It is grayish above and whitish below with a blackish crown and face, which resembles Eastern, Gray and Loggerhead Kingbirds, but none have the truly massive bill of the Giant Kingbird. Eastern Kingbird can also be separated by its bold white tail band, which is absent on Giant Kingbird. Gray Kingbird has a paler head with a dusky mask unlike Giant Kingbird. Loggerhead Kingbird has a gray tail band and its tail is typically squared off whereas the tail is usually notched in Giant. Calls include a squeaky “trrp-bee-bee-bip,” a shrill “trrree-bip,” and various peeps and chatters.
Kenrick's Starling
Poeoptera kenricki
A small, slim dark starling. The eyes are brown, and females show chestnut patches in the wings in flight. Found in the canopy of montane forest, mostly at middle elevations, usually in small flocks which frequently gather at fruiting trees. Perches out conspicuously on dead snags and other open perches. Similar to Waller’s Starling, but smaller and slimmer, with brown rather than red eyes, and only females have reddish wing patches. Very similar to Stuhlmann’s Starling, but separated by range. The most common call is a simple “tweep.” Also gives a subdued chattering.
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