White-throated Grasswren

Striking red tanager with fairly limited range in lowlands and foothills below 1,300 m. Male is overall velvety red, brightest on the flanks and rump and darker on the head. Wings and tail are black. Females are duller reddish brown. Note silver bill with swollen base of lower mandible. Unlikely to be confused in range. Typically found in small flocks in shrubby open habitats and second growth.

Only blue-and-black jay in its limited range in interior of northern Central America. Found in brushy woodland, pine-oak forest and edge, and plantations, foraging at all levels. Usually in small groups, which can be noisy and conspicuous or very quiet and easily overlooked. Sometimes found with mixed-species feeding flocks that include Green Jays and orioles. Lower breast and belly are tinged blue but often appear black. Bushy crest usually held flattened and thus not noticeable.

A small, distinctive starling with a tiny range in Kenya and Tanzania. The male has a blue-black back and breast and a white belly. Females have a brown back and breast and a pale belly with brown streaks. Both sexes show a yellow eye. Uncommon and local in montane forest. Found in the canopy, in pairs or small flocks, often perching up conspicuously on dead snags and other open perches. Similar to Sharpe’s Starling, but has a dark breast. The calls include a sharp “sveet” and the song is a rapid, high-pitched tinkling phrase.