Fiery-shouldered Parakeet
Pyrrhura egregia
Medium-sized parakeet of tepui highlands. Plumage mostly green with distinctive yellow and red patches at the bend of the wing, visible even on perched birds. Also note long tail, pale bill, and white ring around eye. Relatively common but can be difficult to see well; groups fly through canopy, stopping abruptly to feed in fruiting and flowering trees, where they can easily be overlooked. Call is a rollicking, screeching chatter like other Pyrrhura. No similar parakeet occurs in high-elevation tepui forests.
识别特征
The fiery-shouldered parakeet grows to a length of about 26 cm (10 in) and weighs about 75 g (2.6 oz). In the nominate subspecies (P. e. egregia), the head is grey and the neck and upper parts of the body and wings are green. The front edge of the wing and the underwing coverts are yellow with orange markings. The breast is green barred with brown and yellowish-white. The central part of the abdomen is reddish-brown, as is the upper side of the tail while the underside of the tail is grey. The eye is brown and surrounded by bare white skin, and the beak is horn-coloured. In the other subspecies, P. e. obscura, the upper parts are a deeper shade of green and there is little or no bright colour on the abdomen.
分类信息
- 学名
- Pyrrhura egregia
- 命名信息
- (Sclater, PL, 1881)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Pyrrhura
分布与栖息地
The fiery-shouldered parakeet is endemic to an area of tropical rainforest in South America that includes Bolivia, Guyana, Brazil and Venezuela. Its total area of occupancy is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi) and includes part of the Canaima National Park. The subspecies P. e. egregia is found in southeastern Venezuela and southwestern Guyana while P. e. obscura occurs in southern Venezuela and northeastern Brazil. These parrots are found in primary and secondary forests at altitudes between 700 and 1,800 metres (2,300 and 5,900 ft) and also woodland verges, sometimes visiting parks and gardens.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The fiery-shouldered parakeet is usually seen in small groups of up to 25 individuals. They fly fast and agilely between trees, often emitting shrill cries when they take off. They are rather shy and are adept at hiding themselves among the foliage. They forage in the canopy for plant material and particularly appreciate feeding on Cecropia trees. Little is known of the breeding habits of these birds.
保护状况
Although the fiery-shouldered parakeet has a restricted range it has been described as being "fairly common". Its rainforest habitat is under threat from logging and its numbers are thought to be declining, however the rate of decline is slow and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the bird as being of "least concern".
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Tristram's Storm-Petrel
Hydrobates tristrami
Dark brown, fork-tailed seabird of the northwestern and central Pacific, where it breeds on Japanese and Hawaiian islands. Generally forages far offshore and does not associate with boats. Dark chocolate-brown overall with prominent pale carpal bars. In optimal light, rump is slightly paler than the plumage of the back and tail, unlike in Markham’s and Leach’s Storm-Petrels; in fresh plumage, note gray sheen to head and back. Lacks the distinctively pale primary shafts of Matsudaira's and Swinhoe’s Storm-Petrels.
Torresian Kingfisher
Todiramphus sordidus
Large kingfisher with variable plumage, but always appears as a much greener and browner bird than either Forest or Sacred kingfishers. Note pale spot in front of the eyes that does not extend back over the eye. Occur exclusively among mangroves and adjacent mudflats and rock-shelves.
Atlas Flycatcher
Ficedula speculigera
Very similar and closely related to European Pied Flycatcher. Males have mixed features of Collared and European Pied Flycatchers, but note very large white wing patch and big white forehead. Also note the absence of a white collar and pale rump patch on Atlas Flycatcher. Females are very difficult to distinguish, but note gray upperparts with paler rump and big white primary base patch. Song is a cheery up-and-down series, quite similar to that of European Pied. Calls subtly different from European Pied Flycatcher with a slightly more metallic "whit" and a slower tempo. Inhabits a variety of wooded habitats in the Atlas Mountains.
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