Scaly-headed Parrot
Pionus maximiliani
Medium-sized parrot usually encountered in the canopy of humid forests and woodlands including Araucaria forests. Green above and green-gray below, with a dark green scaly head, a blue throat and red under the tail. The Pantanal subspecies has a white eyering.
识别特征
The scaly-headed parrot is 25 to 29 cm (9.8 to 11 in) long and weighs 233 to 293 g (8.2 to 10 oz). Adults of the nominate subspecies P. m. maximiliani have a blackish brown forehead and mid-crown. Their rest of their head, their nape, and their upper back are dark greenish bronze; the feathers have darker edges that give the eponymous scaly effect. Their eye has arcs of bare white skin above and below. Their lower back and wings are dull green with lighter scaling. Their throat and upper breast are dull blue that becomes yellowish green on the belly. Their undertail coverts and base of the tail are red. The inner tail feathers are green and the outer ones blue. Immature birds have a paler green head and less blue on the breast than adults.<p>Subspecies P. m. melanoblepharus is larger than the nominate; its green areas and the blue breast are darker and the skin around the eye is dark. P. m. siy is also darker than the nominate, with a reddish purple chin and throat. P. m. lacerus is like siy but larger and has more, and more intense, blue on the breast.
分类信息
The scaly-headed parrot has these four subspecies:<p>The scaly-headed parrot and the red-billed parrot (P. sordidus) are sister species. The species' specific epithet is a reference to Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied, a nobleman and naturalist who explored the hinterlands of southeastern Brazil in the early 19th century.<p>In Brazil, the scaly-headed parrot is called cocotas or maritacas (from mbaé'taka, tupi for "noisy bird").[citation needed]
- 学名
- Pionus maximiliani
- 命名信息
- (Kuhl, 1820)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Pionus
分布与栖息地
The subspecies of the scaly-headed parrot are found thus:<p>The scaly-headed parrot inhabits a variety of landscapes that vary geographically. In the north and west of its range it favors deciduous and gallery forest in the somewhat dry caatinga and Chaco. In the southeast it is found in more humid evergreen and semi-deciduous forests including those dominated by Araucaria. It Brazil it reaches elevations of 1,500 to 1,600 m (4,900 to 5,200 ft) and in Argentinal up to 2,000 m (6,600 ft).<p>Feral scaly-headed parrots have been observed breeding since 2017 in the parks of Malaga, Spain. In one Spanish case a female scaly-headed parrot was observed successfully raising hybrid offspring with a male orange-winged amazon (Amazona amazonica).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The scaly-headed parrot is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The scaly-headed parrot feeds on the seeds, flowers, and fruit of a wide variety of plants.<p>The scaly-headed parrot's breeding season appears to vary geographically but has not been fully defined. It nests in holes in trees. In captivity the clutch size is four or five eggs and the time from hatching to fledging is nine weeks.<p>One author says that the scaly-headed parrot's call is a "cacaphony of very high, shrill 'teer-teer-teer--'." Another says its primary flight call is "a repeated bisyllabic "cra-cheh", sometimes simply 'crreeh' or 'cheh' and that it also has a variety of 'conversational' calls, some with a more nasal quality" given while perched.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Marbled Duck
Marmaronetta angustirostris
Small, subtly beautiful, gray-brown duck with a black eye-mask, long neck and wings, and dark bill. Vaguely resembles a female pintail. Both sexes are similar but males sport a more prominent shaggy crest. In flight looks pallid, with whitish underwings, pale secondaries, and dark wingtips. Mostly silent. Typically found in shallow, freshwater or brackish wetlands with abundant emergent vegetation.
Neumann's Starling
Onychognathus neumanni
A large glossy-black starling with a wedge-shaped tail and brick-red windows in the wings that are striking in flight. The male and female have black and gray heads respectively. Pairs and flocks prefer rocky outcrops, cliffs, and gorges, within the savanna zone. Similar to Chestnut-winged Starling, but found in different habitat, and separated by being chunkier, with a much heavier bill and broader tail. The vocalizations are characteristic loud liquid oriole-like contact calls and other musical whistles and warbles.
South Island Takahe
Porphyrio hochstetteri
The largest living rail in the world, endemic to New Zealand. Considered extinct until it was famously rediscovered in the Murchison Mountains in 1948. The wild population remains in the Murchison Mountains; the species has been translocated to predator-free offshore islands and mainland sanctuaries, and recently reintroduced to northwest Kahurangi National Park. Note distinct iridescent plumage, white undertail, and huge bright red conical bill that extends onto the forehead. Often heard giving a quiet hooting contact call, or a muted boom. Australasian Swamphen (Pukeko) can look similar, but Takahe are much larger, can’t fly, and have no black on wings or back.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。