Collared Trogon
Trogon collaris
Relatively small, red-bellied trogon of humid forest in tropical lowlands and foothills. Perches at all levels inside forest, less often at edges. Male’s tail is dark below with narrow white barring; female’s tail is pale grayish below with narrow black-and-white bars at the tips. In most areas, the only other red-bellied trogon in the same habitat is the larger and distinctive-looking Slaty-tailed Trogon.
识别特征
Trogons have distinctive male and female plumages, with soft, often colorful, feathers. The collared trogon is about 25 to 29 cm (9.8 to 11.4 in) long and weigh abouts 41 to 64 g (1.4 to 2.3 oz). Both sexes have a black face and throat. The male's crown, nape, back, and rump are bright metallic green. The folded wing shows black and white vermiculation. The breast is also metallic green with a white band separating it from the bright red belly and vent. The upperside of the tail is green with a black tip and the underside is barred black and white. The female is olive brown where the male is green, the closed wing is brown with black vermiculation, and the belly is a duller red than the male's. The underside of the tail is gray with a few black bars and white tips.
分类信息
The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) and the Clements taxonomy recognize these 10 subspecies of collared trogon. They treated T. c. aurantiiventris ("orange-bellied trogon") as a separate species until the late 2010s.<p>BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) recognizes eight subspecies, excluding T. c. aurantiiventris and T. c. underwoodi.
- 学名
- Trogon collaris
- 命名信息
- Vieillot, 1817
- 目
- Trogoniformes
- 科
- Trogonidae
- 属
- Trogon
分布与栖息地
The 10 subspecies of collared trogon are found thus:<p>Clements places T. c. exoptatus in Trinidad & Tobago; the IOC places T. c. collaris there instead.<p>In South America the collared trogon inhabits humid lowland evergreen forest, both primary and well-established secondary. In Mexico and Central America it inhabits those forest types and in addition humid montane, semideciduous, and pine-evergreen forests. It is found as high as 2,400 m (7,900 ft) in Mexico and 2,300 m (7,500 ft) in Costa Rica, but in the Andes it is mostly below 1,300 m (4,300 ft) in Ecuador and 1,200 m (3,900 ft) in Peru.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The collared trogon usually perches between the higher understory and the lower part of the canopy. It is usually seen singly or in pairs, but small groups may gather outside the breeding season.<p>The collared trogon eats small fruits (such as berries) and invertebrates such as caterpillars, crickets, cicadas, beetles, and phasmids. They often accompany the edges of mixed-species foraging flocks but do not mix with the other members.<p>The collared trogon's nesting season is highly variable across the species' wide distribution, beginning as early as November in French Guiana and as late as April in Venezuela. It nests in cavities in decaying wood or arboreal termite nests; the cavity is often so shallow that much of the bird is visible. The normal clutch size is two eggs. Both sexes incubate the eggs and care for the young.<p>The collared trogon's song varies geographically. The Mexican and Central American populations sing "a plaintive 2-3 noted kyow'-kyow or caow' caow, and a faster kyow kyow-kyow". South American songs are described as "a series of mellow whistled notes, usually with a stuttered introductory note: whi'whi whew-whew-whew." Calls include "a prolonged charr" and a "snorting chur-r-r-r".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Eyebrowed Heleia
Heleia superciliaris
A small olive songbird with a bold whitish eyebrow and eye-ring. Underparts dull yellow. Juveniles duller with an ill-defined eyebrow. Parties found within forest, forest edge, and nearby scrub in foothills and mountains, attending mixed-species flocks. Restricted to Flores and Sumbawa. Lacks a crest and has a uniformly-colored dark crown, unlike Dark-crowned White-eye, and also shows a longer pale brow and a duller yellow underside. Song is a short, high-pitched warble. Calls include repetitive “pew-pew-pew” and wobbly “chlew” notes.
Mountain Bulbul
Ixos mcclellandii
True to its name, tends to be found in the upper reaches of forested hills and mountains. Olive-green overall, with lighter orange-buff to grayish underparts (depending on subspecies), and a streaky gray throat. Crested head, similar size, and pale throat can cause it to superficially resemble Chestnut Bulbul in poor lighting, but Mountain Bulbul has a longer-billed and paler-faced appearance. Large flocks are loud and easily detected as they fly overhead, giving sharp, repetitive, echoing calls, which can be likened to “zyi-zya” or “zya-zya”. Song is a prolonged, repetitive series of call notes.
Olive Manakin
Xenopipo uniformis
An inconspicuous, small, green bird of the tepui highlands. Key marks are entirely olive-green plumage and yellowish eyering. Inhabits humid, mossy forest undergrowth on tepui slopes, most commonly above 800 m but occasionally lower. Generally solitary, quiet, and easily overlooked; most likely to be seen feeding at fruiting shrubs. Calls include a high, wheezing note that may rise and fall in pitch. Distinctive eyering should easily separate this species from other manakins at higher elevations in the tepuis. Below 800 m, told from Olivaceous Schiffornis by smaller size, shorter tail, and strongly olive-green plumage. Told from female Black Manakin by eyering and olive plumage.
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