Rio de Janeiro Antbird

Small and compact with a small bill and a shorter tail compared to larger sparrows. Males have a gray head, a vivid rusty shoulder patch, a black throat, and a yellow patch at the base of the white mustache. Females are relatively clean-looking compared to males. Song is a series of high-pitched, sharp “tzip-tzip-tzip…” notes. The flight call is higher-pitched than larger sparrows. Breeds in thick scrub and trees where it builds a large and prominent nest that has unique thermoregulating properties for hot climates. A partial and short-distance migrant; moves in tight, fast-moving flocks.

Small and slim with a strong rusty-brown wing panel, resembles a small and beautified Greater Whitethroat. The male has a gray hood, white puffy throat, black in front of the eye, conspicuous white eyering, and white mustache. Females best told from Greater Whitethroat by short wings and dark centers to the tertials. Breeds in low bushes and scrub including salt flats; winters in similar habitats as well as tamarisk thickets and oases. Shy, but given its choice of habitat, often has nowhere to really hide. Normally sings from the tops of bushes or in flight, giving tuneful whistles with harsher, rattled notes.

A fairly small honeyeater of lowland and foothill wooded areas on Timor. Olive-gray upperparts with greenish wing feathers, pale underparts with thick, dark streaks, sometimes looking like white streaks on a dark background. Yellow-orange ear patch, white throat and moustache stripe. Similar to Yellow-eared Honeyeater, but Streak-breasted Honeyeater lacks the yellow underparts. Voice, various whistles, rasps and mechanical warbles.