Gray Junglefowl
Gallus sonneratii
Common relative of the domestic chicken. Endemic to peninsular India where it occurs in deciduous and evergreen forest. Males are grayish with golden markings on the wings, whitish spotting around the neck, a long glossy-black tail, pinkish feet. Red comb and wattle are smaller than the widespread Red Junglefowl. Females are rather plain, lacking the long tail, comb and wattle; yellowish legs and bold white spotting on underparts separate them from similar looking female Red Junglefowl. Quite noisy, their “kuk-ku-kuwuk-ku” calls are heard almost year-round.
识别特征
The male has a black cape with ochre spots and the body plumage on a grey ground colour is finely patterned. The elongated neck feathers are dark and end in a small, hard, yellowish plate; this peculiar structure making them popular for making high-grade artificial flies. The male has red wattles and combs but not as strongly developed as in the red junglefowl. Legs of males are red and have spurs while the yellow legs of females usually lack spurs. The central tail feathers are long and sickle shaped. Males have an eclipse plumage in which they moult their colourful neck feathers in summer during or after the breeding season.<p>The female is duller and has black and white streaking on the underparts and yellow legs.
分类信息
Genus: Gallus; Family: Phasianidae; Order: Galliformes.
- 学名
- Gallus sonneratii
- 命名信息
- Temminck, 1813
- 目
- Galliformes
- 科
- Phasianidae
- 属
- Gallus
分布与栖息地
This species is endemic to India, and even today it is found mainly in peninsular India and towards the northern boundary. They are found in thickets, on the forest floor and open scrub. The species occurs mainly in the Indian Peninsula, but extends into Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and southern Rajasthan. The red junglefowl is found more along the foothills of the Himalayas; a region of overlap occurs in the Aravalli range. although the ranges are largely non-overlapping.<p>The populations from the region of Mount Abu in Rajasthan named as the subspecies wangyeli is usually not recognized although it is said that the calls of the cock from this region differs from the call of birds from southern India and the plumage is much paler.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Their loud calls of Ku-kayak-kyuk-kyuk (Call of maleⓘOther callsⓘcallsⓘ) are loud and distinctive, and can be heard in the early mornings and at dusk. Unlike the red junglefowl, the male does not flap its wings before uttering the call.[10] They breed from February to May.[5] They lay 4 to 7 eggs which are pale creamy in a scrape. Eggs hatch in about 21 days. Although mostly seen on the ground, grey junglefowl fly into trees to escape predators and to roost. They forage in small mixed or single sex groups. They feed on grains including bamboo seeds, berries, insects and termites, and are hunted for meat and for the long neck hackle feathers that are sought after for making fishing lures.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sooty Tit
Aegithalos fuliginosus
Active little bird with a chocolate-brown chest and a bright white collar. Forages in the lower and middle levels of foothill and montane forest in flocks, often with other species. Overall brownish coloration distinguishes it from similar small tits and bushtits. Like other bushtits, can often be inquisitive and confiding. Gives a trio of high, thin whistles, as well as occasional chatters and trills.
Sakalava Rail
Zapornia olivieri
Small, rare rail that is unlikely to be seen unless you’re expressly looking for it at a handful of known sites. Cleanly rich brown on the back and gray below, with a bright yellow bill and red legs. Found in a few western Madagascar wetlands with tall reeds and floating vegetation. Common calls are a repeated “tik” and a long, dry trill. Combination of size and all-yellow bill are distinctive.
Mottled Honeyeater
Meliphaga mimikae
A medium-sized honeyeater of foothill forest. Olive-colored with distinct mottling below, a large yellow ear spot and a thin eye ring. Does not visit flowering trees but forages singly for fruit and insects. Co-occurs with several similar species, but none have such strong marking on the underparts. Like most similar species, it gives a non diagnostic “chup” but also a mournful piping.
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