Chirinda Apalis
Apalis chirindensis
Plain, dull slender long-tailed canopy warbler-like bird that is gray above and pale underneath, with pinkish legs and white tips to the tail. The female is like the male but has a pale base to the beak. Singles and pairs are resident in the mid-story and canopy of mid-altitude and montane forest, mostly between 1200–2200m, where it may join mixed flocks. Voice a strident repeated upslurred “swick-swick-swick….”. Only marginally overlaps with similar Black-headed Apalis, which is more contrasting than Chirinda: darker above and paler beneath, and in zone of overlap has a pale eye.
识别特征
The Chirinda apalis has the typical slender, long tailed shape of apalises, with a slender bill. The overall colour is dull grey, darker above and paler below with white tips to the tail. The sexes are similar but females show a paler base to the beak. The juveniles are similar to the adults but have more yellow or green tinges to the plumage and also have a paler bill. This species has a length of between 11 and 13 cm (4.3 and 5.1 in).<p>The subspecies A. c. vumbae differs from the nominate, A. c. chirndensis, in having the maxilla a pale horn colour or dusky with a pale pink mandible, it is also a lighter grey in colour and the feathers of the tail have larger white tips. The nominate subspecies is darker and the males have all black bills and the females may show a pale base to the mandible.<p>The call of the Chirinda aplais is a repeated chip which has been written as "chpip-chipip", or "swick-swick-swick".
分类信息
The Chirinda apalis was first formally described in 1906 by the English geologist and ornithologist George Ernest Shelley. The type specimen was collected in June 1905 in the Chirinda Forest in eastern Rhodesia, modern Zimbabwe, at an altitude of 4,000 ft (1,200 m). The Chirinda apalis is classified in the genus Apalis which belongs to the family Cisticolidae, which includes the cisticolas, prinias, tailorbirds, eremomelas and other groups of “African” warblers, formerly classified within the Old World warbler family Sylviidae. <p>The Chirinda apalis is divided into two subspecies:
- 学名
- Apalis chirindensis
- 命名信息
- Shelley, 1906
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Cisticolidae
- 属
- Apalis
分布与栖息地
The Chrinda apalis is endemic to southeastern Africa where it occurs only in the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe and Mozambique and on Mount Gorongosa in Mozambique. In Zimbabwe it occurs from Nyanga National Park south through the Eatsern Highlands including the Bvumba Mountains, the Chimanimani Mountains and the Chipinge Uplands, with records from the Honde Valley and the confluence of the Haroni-Rusitu rivers in the winter months which suggest some altitudinal movement outside the breeding season. In Mozambique this species has been recorded from the headwaters of the Pungwe River south to Espungabera, in the Chimanimani Mountains with an isolated population on Mount Gorongosa. The Chirinda apalis is found in the mid-storey and canopy of evergreen forest and dense riverine bush, mostly at altitudes between 1,200 and 2,200 m (3,900 and 7,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Vertical migration
保护状况
The Chirinda apalis is classified as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and BirdLife International as there has been a rapid decline in the species population. The main threat to this species is habitat loss due to deforestation and degradation of the forest, within the 10 years up to 2022 the estinated loss of tree cover within its range has been 35%.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
African Thrush
Turdus pelios
This widespread thrush shows a large amount of geographical variation. The upperparts are generally gray-brown, while the underparts can be buff, gray, or rufous. All across the range, shows a yellow bill. Found in a range of habitats, including forest edge, woodland, gardens, and cultivation. In areas without Abyssinian Thrush, also occurs in montane forest. The song is a pretty, variable series of chatty whistles and trills which can continue for a long time without a pause. Similar to Abyssinian Thrush, but found at lower elevations in areas of overlap, and is generally paler, with a paler yellow bill.
Acre Antshrike
Thamnophilus divisorius
Secretive, rare medium-sized antshrike of the dense forests of the Cordillera Divisor of remote western Brazil and eastern Peru. Males are dark gray with a bluish tint to the back and upperparts, while females are bluish-gray above and brownish-orange below. Inhabits the lower levels of forests, where it is more often heard than seen; voice is a fast series of notes increasing in speed before finishing with a final higher note.
Lesser Racket-tailed Drongo
Dicrurus remifer
An ebony shadow trailing obsidian tresses. Medium-sized drongo with two extravagantly long tail feathers tipped with plumes, the shape of which vary throughout its range. Glossy black overall with red eyes. Juvenile duller and lacks streamers. Can be confused with the larger Greater Racket-tailed Drongo, but Lesser is crestless and oddly flat-headed, with a more square-ended tail. Inhabits mid- to high-altitude tropical forests, where it forages primarily under closed canopies, not venturing out into the open as frequently as Greater Racket-tailed. Joins mixed flocks. Impressive vocal range, giving highly variable songs that include bouncy hoots, ringing whistles, and harsh nasal notes, among others; also mimics other species.
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