Norfolk Robin
Petroica multicolor
Male Norfolk Robins have dark upperparts, a white forehead patch and wing bars, and a red breast. Females are mainly brown with a pinkish breast.
识别特征
The Norfolk robin is similar to the Pacific robin, as well as to the scarlet robin. The adult male is distinctive, having upperparts that are mainly black with a large white spot on the forehead, white bars on the wings, and vestigial white tips to the tail. Its breast and upper belly are bright red with the lower belly white. The female is much duller, mainly brown with a pinkish breast. Immature individuals are similar to females. It is the largest of the Pacific robin group, though slightly smaller than the scarlet robin.
分类信息
The Norfolk robin was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with the flycatchers in the genus Muscicapa and coined the binomial name Muscicapa multicolor. Gmelin based his description on the "red-bellied flycatcher" from Norfolk Island that had been described and illustrated in 1783 by the English ornithologist John Latham in his book A General Synopsis of Birds. Latham had examined a specimen of a male bird owned by the naturalist Joseph Banks and a female bird in the Leverian Museum in London. The Norfolk robin is now placed with 13 other species in the genus Petroica that was introduced in 1829 by the English naturalist, William Swainson. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.<p>The robin was considered conspecific with the scarlet robin (Petroica boodang) of Australia, but it was separated in 1999, with the Norfolk Island form as part of the Pacific robin assemblage. It was determined to be a distinct species in 2015.
- 学名
- Petroica multicolor
- 命名信息
- (Gmelin, JF, 1789)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Petroicidae
- 属
- Petroica
分布与栖息地
The robin is restricted to Norfolk Island, where it is largely confined to the Mt Pitt section of the Norfolk Island National Park and remnant patches of forest nearby. It mainly inhabits the native subtropical rainforest, with lower densities in other wooded habitats. It prefers areas with a dense understorey and an open ground layer with deep, moist litter for foraging in.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
其他鸟类
Malagasy Paradise-Flycatcher
Terpsiphone mutata
Adult males have extremely long tail streamers, and can show mainly rufous, white, or black-and-white plumage. Female is rufous and lacks tail streamers. Both sexes have a blue ring around the eye. Found in all forest types and in adjacent plantations and scrub. Restless, active mid-story bird that sometimes joins mixed feeding flocks. Call is a tearing “shree-shreeet”, and song a long, musical series of “twee” notes. Black-and-white males larger and longer-tailed than Ward’s Flycatcher, without a black chest band. Rufous coloration, blue eye ring, and upright posture identify female.
Narcondam Hornbill
Rhyticeros narcondami
A small hornbill with a black body, a white tail, and a strong pale bill with a flat, grooved casque on top. The male has a rust-colored head and breast, while the female’s head and breast are black. Found only on Narcondam island. Feeds on berries and fruits in tall trees. Calls include short, wavering notes with a somewhat nasal quality, as well as barks and grunts.
Rusty-backed Spinetail
Cranioleuca vulpina
A small long-tailed bird found in gallery forests near water, mostly foraging in the understory. Rusty above and pale below with a white eyebrow. Similar to Yellow-chinned Spinetail, but has a pale (not black) lower mandible. The song, usually given as a duet, is a series of high-pitched notes.
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