Indian Thick-knee
Burhinus indicus
Large, bizarre-looking shorebird with streaky brown plumage and piercing yellow eyes. Black-and-white wing pattern visible in flight. Most active at dusk or at night, often hiding away under shady vegetation by day. Favors dry areas, including fields, thorn forest, and dry riverbeds. Vocal after dark; gives a rapid series of high, sharp ‘kli!’ notes.
识别特征
This stocky and brown ground bird with large eyes is about 41 centimeters in length. It has dark streaks on a sandy brown ground colour and is plover-like. The large head has a dark stripe bordering a creamy moustachial stripe below the eye. There is also a narrow creamy supercilium. The legs are stout and the knees are thick, giving them the group of name of "thick-knee". They have large yellow eyes. The sexes are alike and the immature is paler than adult with more marked buff and streaks on the underparts. In flight, they have two prominent white and a white patch on the darker primaries and at rest a broad pale band is visible on the wing.<p>The Indian stone curlew is active mainly at dawn and dusk and it calls mainly at night. The call is a series of sharp whistling notes pick-pick-pick-pick ending sometimes like pick-wick, pick-wick. They are found in small groups and during the day, they are found standing still under the shade of bush.
分类信息
The Indian stone-curlew was formally described in 1866 by the Italian zoologist Tommaso Salvadori based on specimens obtained in India. He coined the binomial name Oedicnemus indicus. The specific epithet is Latin meaning "Indian". The Indian stone-curlew is now placed in the genus Burhinus that was erected in 1811 by the German zoologist Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger in 1811. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.<p>This species was formerly treated as a subspecies of the Eurasian stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus but the Indian population is distinctive in plumage, and non-migratory, leading to its being treated as a full species by Pamela Rasmussen in 2005. There has however been no major phylogenetic study of the genus.
- 学名
- Burhinus indicus
- 命名信息
- (Salvadori, 1866)
- 目
- Charadriiformes
- 科
- Burhinidae
- 属
- Burhinus
分布与栖息地
Found in dry deciduous forests and thorn forest, scrubby riverbeds, groves and even gardens.This species is restricted to Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Viet Nam. It is found in thin dry deciduous forest, scrub, stony hillsides and fallow lands.
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
The breeding season is mainly March and April. The normal clutch is 2 to 3 stone colored eggs laid inside a scrape on bare ground, sometimes at the base of a bush. The eggs are incubate mainly by the female with male standing guard nearby. The nidifugous chicks are downy and cryptically coloured and follow the parents soon after hatching. The young chicks freeze and crouch when alarmed and the cryptic plumage makes them hard to detect.<p>The diet mainly consists of insects, worms and small reptiles and occasionally some seeds.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Lompobattang Flycatcher
Ficedula bonthaina
A tiny brown flycatcher with an orange throat, a conspicuous orange mark between bill and eyes, a chestnut tail, and a white belly. Inhabits dense understory of montane forest within its small range in southwest Sulawesi. Differs from female Snowy-browed Flycatcher in its chestnut tail and brighter, clean-cut throat patch. Separated from female Rufous-throated Flycatcher by brown head and nape and larger orange patch between bill and eye. Song comprises several high-pitched whistles, “too-tee-too”, sometimes interspersed with or followed by a short rattle. Also gives dry, rattling “chep” calls.
Satyr Tragopan
Tragopan satyra
A large pheasant-like bird. Male has a black face with dark blue cheeks and chin, and a grayish-brown back and uppertail. It has white speckling all over, but the male Satyr Tragopan is the only tragopan to have white dots on the red breast. Female is similar in shape, but all brown with thin white streaks on the back and reddish-brown wings. Found in dense forests, where it forages on the forest floor. The call is a nasal, wailing “gwaaahh.”
Banded Woodpecker
Chrysophlegma miniaceum
Small but brightly-colored woodpecker with a spiky crest. Slight variation across its range, but all birds have a dark orangish face, dark chestnut wings, black-and-white-striped underparts, and a dark tail. Female duller overall, with a plainer face. Inhabits lowland and foothill forests, edges, and gardens, where it can be reasonably common. Often seen singly, but can be encountered in closely-foraging pairs. Favors tall thick trunks. Gives sharp “kek” or “week” call notes. Difficult to confuse with any other small woodpecker.
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