Tucuman Amazon
Amazona tucumana
Large, scaly, short-tailed parrot of humid montane forest with mixed Podocarpus and alders (Bosque Tucumano) of southern Bolivia and NW Argentina. Generally scarce and uncommon. Scaly plumage and green crown distinctive. Generally in pairs or small groups. Voice much higher and more shrill than Turquoise-fronted Parrot, the only large parrot that occurs in the same range.
识别特征
The Tucumán amazon is about 31 cm (12 in) long and weighs 250 to 280 g (8.8 to 9.9 oz). It is mostly green, with black edges on the body feathers that give a scaly appearance. Its forehead and sometimes its lores are red. Bare white skin surrounds its eye. Its lower thighs are orange-yellow, its primary coverts red, and its undertail coverts yellow-green. Its primaries have blue tips and its tail feathers yellowish tips. Immature birds have entirely green thighs.
分类信息
The Tucumán amazon and the red-spectacled amazon (A. pretrei) have been considered conspecific but are now treated as sister species. The Tucuman amazon is monotypic.
- 学名
- Amazona tucumana
- 命名信息
- (Cabanis, 1885)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittacidae
- 属
- Amazona
分布与栖息地
The Tucumán amazon is found from Santa Cruz and Chuquisaca departments in Bolivia south into Argentina as far as Catamarca Province. It inhabits the Yungas bioregion in montane woodland characterized by pure stands of alder (Alnus acuminata) or Podocarpus parlatorei. In elevation it mostly ranges between 1,600 and 2,600 m (5,200 and 8,500 ft) but occurs as low as 500 m (1,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Vertical migration
行为
The Tucumán amazon moves seasonally between higher elevations and, in August to October, as low as 500 m (1,600 ft) at the Chaco/Yungas ecotone.<p>A study in Argentina found that almost a quarter of the Tucumán amazon's diet was the fruits and seeds of Podocarpus parlatorei; most of the rest was taken from six other plants. Winter food was dominated by Acacia seeds. Flowers and fruits of both native and introduced plants were eaten.<p>The Tucumán amazon nests between November and January. It uses cavities in large trees, often those excavated by woodpeckers. In the Argentina study, the average clutch was 3.6 eggs and ranged from one to five. The incubation period was 26 to 30 days and fledging occurred 50 to 58 days after hatch. In another study, nest success was related to the availability of Podocarpus parlatorei fruits.<p>The Tucumán amazon makes a "variety of screeches and calls, including shrill shrieks and lower-pitched barks." Its flight call is "a repeated, somewhat yelping, shrill “quiowk”."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Hodgson's Frogmouth
Batrachostomus hodgsoni
Cryptic, uncommon nightbird of evergreen and mixed foothill and montane forests (900-2000 meters). Both sexes have dappled lichen-like plumage, the male grayish, female rusty brown. Silent birds are best distinguished from other small frogmouths by range, habitat, elevation, and bird’s comparatively small size. Song a long, haunting whistle, given repeatedly in series.
Red-masked Parakeet
Psittacara erythrogenys
A medium-sized green parakeet with a long tail and red underwings and thighs (red on the thighs not easy to see). Similar to Mitred Parakeet, but usually has more red on the face, extending below and behind the eye, as well as red patches on the underwing. Usually seen in pairs or flocks of up to 30 birds in lowland dry forest. Calls are loud screeches. Introduced to the Hawaiian Islands and California.
Sri Lankan Shama
Copsychus leggei
A thrushlike bird with a long, graduated tail, endemic to Sri Lanka. Males are glossy black above and orange below. Females are similar but paler. Juveniles are reddish brown with rusty wingbars. Inhabits dense lowland and hill forests, forest edge, as well as overgrown orchards and plantations. Can be difficult to see, but the highly variable song is loud and vibrant, often including loud whistles, flutelike notes, and rolling trills. Formerly treated as a subspecies of more widespread White-rumped Shama.
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