Spot-tailed Antwren
Herpsilochmus sticturus
Small antbird of rainforest canopy; somewhat more common in forests with sandy soils. From below, note clean white underparts and heavy bill. Usually encountered with mixed-species flocks. Forages slowly along limbs and explores leaf clusters. Very similar to Todd’s Antwren and most safely separated from that species by voice. Song is an accelerating “bouncing ball” series, similar to Pygmy Antwren but with a harder quality and not falling in pitch at the end.
识别特征
The spot-tailed antwren is 9.5 to 10.5 cm (3.7 to 4.1 in) long and weighs 8 to 9 g (0.28 to 0.32 oz). Adult males have a black crown and nape, a long pale gray to white supercilium, a black streak through the eye, and pale grayish ear coverts. Their back and rump are dark gray with black patches, white-edged black scapulars, and a white patch between the scapulars. Their wings are black with white tips on the coverts and white edges on the flight feathers. Their tail is black with white tips and a long white streak on the central feathers. Their throat and underparts are pale gray with a white center to the belly. Adult females have a black crown with rufous-cinnamon streaks, buffy edges on the flight feathers, and paler, buff-tinged, underparts than males.
分类信息
The spot-tailed antwren and Dugand's antwren (H. dugandi) were previously considered conspecific and now are treated as a superspecies. The spot-tailed antwren is monotypic.
- 学名
- Herpsilochmus sticturus
- 命名信息
- Salvin, 1885
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thamnophilidae
- 属
- Herpsilochmus
分布与栖息地
The spot-tailed antwren is found from eastern Venezuela's Bolívar state east through the Guianas into northeastern Brazil's Amapá state. It inhabits the mid-level to the canopy of humid evergreen forest. It favors areas near water such as gallery forest and seasonally flooded forest and within them frequents vine tangles.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The spot-tailed antwren is thought to be a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The spot-tailed antwren's diet has not been detailed but is known to be mostly arthropods. It forages singly, in pairs, and in family groups, and often as a member of a mixed-species feeding flock. It typically feeds between 15 and 30 m (50 and 100 ft) above the ground. It forages actively and usually captures prey by gleaning leaves, stems, and vines by reaching from a perch. It is not known to follow army ants.<p>One spot-tailed antwren brood in French Guiana fledged in October. Nothing else is known about the species' breeding biology.<p>The spot-tailed antwren's song is a "short, very high, staccato series changing to a rattle" whose first few notes slightly rise. Its calls include a repeated "sharply downslurred 'chut' " and an "abrupt...muffled whistle, mostly upslurred".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Blue Quail
Synoicus adansonii
Tiny, dark grassland quail. Males are dark blue and chestnut, with a bright white throat. Females are dark brown with heavy barring below. Found in moist grasslands, often in seasonally flooded areas. Probably nomadic or migratory, appearing with the onset of the rainy season. The common vocalization is a two- or three-part whistled call: “chee-chew” or “chee-chee-chew.” Smaller than other quail; male separated by blue coloration and female by barring below.
Ursula's Sunbird
Cinnyris ursulae
A small, inconspicuous, and easily overlooked sunbird of mountain forests. At a distance, appears fairly uniform in color, but in good light the greenish back contrasts with the gray face, olive throat, pale belly, and reddish tufts on the sides of the body that are sometimes concealed by the wings. Bill is not overly long, but is distinctly curved. Within its range, most likely to be confused with Little Green Sunbird, but Ursula’s Sunbird has a plain face and more decurved, all black bill. Song varies, but always consists of sharp, high-pitched notes that are sometimes delivered as a jumble and sometimes as a single note followed by a descending pattern of quick, high pitched notes: “tsee-TSEE-TSI-tsi-tsi.”
Little Ground-Tyrant
Syrtidicola fluviatilis
Small tan flycatcher of river beaches; terrestrial, or perches on low shrubs. Tan above, lighter whitish below, with a black tail with white outer tail feathers. Overlaps with the similar and often more common Drab Water Tyrant. Compared to that species, Little Ground-Tyrant has lighter underparts, no facial pattern (unlike the black eye line and pale eyebrow of Drab Water Tyrant) and white outer tail feathers contrasting with black inner tail feathers (as opposed to uniformly brown). They often flush and move in low flight along river banks, exposing their diagnostic tail patterns. Prefers wide, open beaches and mudflats along rivers to steep river banks. Known to wander when not breeding, when it can be found in a variety of open habitats.
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