Maquis Canastero
Asthenes heterura
Slender and long-tailed canastero of the high Andes from Cochabamba, Bolivia south to NE Argentina. Prefers scrubby hillsides, ravines, and open Polylepis woodland above treeline. Distinguished from the more common Puna and Creamy-breasted Canasteros by lack of streaked back (from Puna) and brown cap and long, slender tail (from Creamy-breasted). Often in pairs or small family groups, though can be quite elusive. Song a rising series of slightly nasal whistles, each of which descends and the ascends rapidly in pitch: “tuwhee-tuwee-tuwhee-tuweeh-tee!”
识别特征
The maquis canastero is 16 to 17 cm (6.3 to 6.7 in) long and weighs 13 to 14 g (0.46 to 0.49 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a buff supercilium and eyering on an otherwise light brownish face. Their crown, back, and rump are rich brown and their uppertail coverts chestnut. Their wings are mostly rufous with dark fuscous tips on the flight feathers. Their tail's inner two pairs of feathers are longer than the others and dusky rufous; the rest are chestnut-rufous and progressively shorter. Their chin and upper throat are pale orange-rufous, their breast and belly grayish buff with browner sides, and their flanks and undertail coverts tawny ochraceous. Their iris is brown, their maxilla black, their mandible pinkish with a black tip, and their legs and feet dark gray to dark olive-gray.
分类信息
The maquis canastero is monotypic. At times it has variously been treated as a subspecies of the canyon canastero (A. pudibunda), as conspecific with the rusty-fronted canastero (A. ottonis), and as a superspecies with the two of them. However, it might be most closely related to the very similar sharp-billed canastero (A. pyrrholeuca).
- 学名
- Asthenes heterura
- 命名信息
- (Berlepsch, 1901)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Asthenes
分布与栖息地
The maquis canastero is a bird of the east side of the Andes, though sources differ on the extent of its range. According to the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, it is present in Bolivia and Argentina. It has an apparently disjunct distribution and it may also be present between the two known populations. One population is found in the northern Bolivian departments of La Paz and Cochabamba. The other is found in the northwestern Argentinian provinces of Jujuy, Salta, and Tucumán. There are sight records from the Bolivian departments between the two areas. In contrast, the Clements taxonomy lists only the northern Bolivian range.<p>The maquis canstero inhabits a variety of semi-humid to arid landscapes including montane scrublands, scrublands with open woodland of Alnus and Polylepis, montane Festuca grasslands with scattered bushes, and agricultural areas with bushes and hedgerows. In elevation it mostly ranges between 3,000 and 4,200 m (9,800 and 13,800 ft) though it locally occurs as low as 2,500 m (8,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The maquis canastero is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The maquis canastero feeds on arthropods. It typically forages singly or in pairs though it occasionally joins mixed-species feeding flocks. It gleans its prey from the ground and possibly from low vegetation as well.<p>Nothing is known about the maquis canastero's breeding biology.<p>The maquis canastero's song is "a fast, accelerating series of squeaky notes". It also sings a longer "series of high, squeaky, strained notes, variable in length, accelerating and descending". Its apparent call is a "monotonic trill...'tuírrrr' ".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sapphire Flycatcher
Ficedula sapphira
Breeding adult male is royal blue with a white belly and orange throat and chest. Brown female is dull and potentially confusing, but note pale orange throat, rufous uppertail, and overall small stout appearance. Non-breeding and immature males are similar to females, but have blue wings and back. Breeds in moist broadleaf evergreen montane forest; descends into open forest and forest edge in the winter. Forages at middle levels, often with mixed-species flocks. Song is a brief series of high thin notes followed by a clicking rattle.
Russet-mantled Foliage-gleaner
Syndactyla dimidiata
Uniformly rusty-colored foliage-gleaner. Note the slightly upturned bill and the conspicuous eyebrow. Found in humid forests and gallery forests, where it forages from the understory to the middle levels and occasionally accompanies mixed-species flocks. The voice is a long or short repetition of “check” notes.
Red Phalarope
Phalaropus fulicarius
The chunkiest and thickest-billed phalarope. Of the three phalaropes, Red is the least likely to be seen inland. Breeding females are brighter and more contrasting than males: note bright body the color of tomato juice, with black cap and white cheek. Males are colored like watered-down tomato juice, with a streaky cap. Also look for yellow bill with dark tip. Nonbreeding is much less colorful: smooth gray above and white below with a black ear patch. Juveniles are dark above and stained with buffy tones; they molt quickly into nonbreeding plumage. Breeds on Arctic tundra. Primarily found on the open ocean during migration and winter; rare inland. Usually in small flocks, but can gather in larger numbers, often in mixed flocks with Red-necked Phalarope. Red is best distinguished by larger size, thicker bill, and slightly paler, smoother-looking upperparts.
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