White-bellied Nothura
Nothura boraquira
Small, sand-colored tinamou with a mix of rusty and dark spots on the back and a white belly. Found in natural and human-modified grasslands, where it is difficult to catch sight of due to its retiring nature and cryptic plumage. The song is a high, thin “peeea.”
识别特征
The white-bellied nothura is approximately 27 cm (11 in) in length. Its upper parts are light brown and barred black with white streaks. Its throat is white, its foreneck is buff with black streaking, its breast is buff and its belly is white. Its crown is dark brown and the sides of its head are buff. The legs are bright yellow and the inner webs of its primaries are uniformly dark, unlike in the closely related spotted nothura.
分类信息
The white-bellied nothura is a monotypic species. All tinamous are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.
- 学名
- Nothura boraquira
- 命名信息
- (Spix, 1825)
- 目
- Tinamiformes
- 科
- Tinamidae
- 属
- Nothura
分布与栖息地
The white-bellied nothura prefers dry shrubland regions up to 500 m (1,600 ft) in altitude. It can also be found in dry grassland, savanna, caatinga, and occasionally pastures. This species is native to northeastern and central Brazil, eastern Bolivia and Paraguay.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Like other tinamous, the white-bellied nothura eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.
保护状况
The IUCN classifies this species as Least Concern, with an occurrence range of 1,400,000 km2 (540,000 sq mi).
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Chestnut-backed Thornbird
Phacellodomus dorsalis
Handsome bird with a highly restricted range in the Marañon Valley of northern Peru. Back and tail are chestnut with a paler throat, head, and belly; breast is streaked with white. Inhabits arid mountain slopes, often around scrubby ravines. Usually found in pairs that often vocalize together, giving sharp chips in a short series, and sometimes in a much longer cascade.
Sula Scops-Owl
Otus sulaensis
A small brown owl with indistinct ear tufts (often not visible) and yellow irises. Largely brown, mottled with dark streaks and markings over much of the body, with pale and white markings on the wings. Inhabits forest and trees within swamps, mainly in the lowlands, but sometimes into the hills too. Distinctive: restricted to the Sula Islands, where it is the only small brown owl. Song is a tremulous, trill-like whistle repeated in quick succession (“brew-ooo”). Also gives a high shrill screech note.
Sao Tome Paradise-Flycatcher
Terpsiphone atrochalybeia
A distinctive long-tailed paradise-flycatcher with different-looking sexes. Male is glossy blue-black with a pale blue bill and blue eye-rings; female has a dark crown, a gray face, rusty upperparts, and pale underparts. Juvenile is like female; young male slowly turns black. A common resident throughout São Tomé in the understory and at middle levels of most habitats. The only other flycatcher within its range is the dull brown Spotted Flycatcher, a scarce migrant. Calls include a rapid electric clicking and buzzing “dzzrt-dzzrt-dzzrt.” The song is a musical repeated “swee dzee-tee che-ree.”
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