Cattle Tyrant
Machetornis rixosa
Medium sized flycatcher with fairly widespread range in South America. Superficially resembles a Tropical Kingbird with olive-brown back, yellow belly, and grayish crown. However, Cattle Tyrant is unique for typically being found on or near the ground, where pairs or small flocks follow grazing animals. Found in open habitats including farmland and marshes.
识别特征
The cattle tyrant is a highly terrestrial tyrant-flycatcher, 20 cm (7.9 in) long and weighing 29–40 g (1.0–1.4 oz). The plumage of the nominate subspecies is mostly olive-brown above and yellow below. The head is grey with a thin eyestripe and a white throat. The thin bill and legs are black. The two other subspecies vary from the nominate in having a yellow throat.
分类信息
- 学名
- Machetornis rixosa
- 命名信息
- (Vieillot, 1819)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Tyrannidae
- 属
- Machetornis
分布与栖息地
The species has a disjunct distribution, with the nominate race breeding from northern Argentina and Bolivia to the north-eastern tip of Brazil, and the two other subspecies ranging from Panama to Venezuela and eastern Ecuador. The species inhabits drier open and semi-open habitats, and avoided forested and wooded areas. It can be found in savannah, pastureland, parkland, agricultural land and even gardens. Due to deforestation, the species has recently colonized areas where it was previously absent, such as northeast Ecuador.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Cattle tyrants feed on insects, mostly from the ground. It may follow cattle or other large animals for some distance, catching flushed prey, or even hitch rides on these animals, and then snatching flushed prey with a quick sally-flight. It may sometimes hawk for insects from a high perch. The species is sometimes reported to have a cleaning symbiosis with the large mammals it lives with. It takes ticks off mammals only occasionally, but it will sometimes hunt horseflies attempting to land on capybaras.<p>Cattle tyrants build bulky nests or steal the nests of rufous-fronted thornbirds. 3 to 4 eggs are laid and incubated for 14 days. The chicks fledge after 15 days.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Oaxaca Sparrow
Aimophila notosticta
Very local and endemic to interior of Oaxaca, where replaces larger and bulkier Rusty Sparrow (no known range overlap). Favors brushy woodland and edge and oak thickets with adjacent grassy areas. Usually rather skulking, on or near the ground, but often feeds at edges early and late in the day. Sings from more conspicuous perches in bushes and trees. Note the all-black bill and strong face pattern, with black lores setting off the broken white eyering.
Violet Crow
Corvus violaceus
An entirely blackish short-tailed crow. Has a subtle purplish sheen that is visible in only certain lighting conditions. Juveniles lack purple gloss. Inhabits forest, edge, and plantations in the lowlands and foothills. Singles, pairs, or small groups can be found in the canopy. Recently described from Seram, and perhaps also occurs on Ambon and Buru. Unmistakable, being the only crow on these islands. Gives an odd call for a crow: a nasal, trumpeting “errr.” Gives more crow-like sounds too, but higher-pitched than many sounds of the family, including a high-pitched, guttural “kreh-kreh…”.
Meratus Blue Flycatcher
Cyornis kadayangensis
A recently described species from lower montane rainforest in SE Borneo. Orange chest and white belly. Male has deep blue upperparts and female gray-brown upperparts with pale eyering. Found singly or in pairs in shady undergrowth to mid-storey. Similar to Malaysian and Bornean Blue Flycatchers but usually found above the elevation of those species. Male Bornean is paler blue above and female lacks eye-ring. Malaysian lacks the extensive orange chest. Song, several descending notes followed by a single high-pitched note. Call, a single, hollow note or high-pitch double note.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。