Cuban Tody
Todus multicolor
A small, gemlike, woodland species that is usually found in pairs. The rather large head, long bill, and short tail create a unique profile. Also note its shimmering green upperparts and red throat and sides. No similar species occur within its range. It usually hunts from low-to-middle level perches, sitting nearly still before leaping upwards to snatch prey from twigs and leaves. Vocalizations include a loud “chuk, chuk, chuk, chuk,” uttered at a rate of about seven to ten notes per second, with each burst consisting of one to ten notes; bursts often come in rapid succession.
识别特征
The species is characterized by small size with a length of 1.1 in (28 mm) and weighing 5.9 g (0.21 oz). It has a large head relative to body size, and a thin, flat bill. Similar to other todies, the coloration of the Cuban Tody includes an iridescent green dorsum, pale whitish-grey underparts, and red highlights. This species is distinguished by its pink flanks, red throat, yellow lores, and blue ear-patch. The bill is bicolored: black on the top and red on the bottom.
分类信息
- 学名
- Todus multicolor
- 命名信息
- Gould, 1837
- 目
- Coraciiformes
- 科
- Todidae
- 属
- Todus
分布与栖息地
The Cuban tody is a year-round resident of only portions of Cuba and the islands just off the Cuban coast. Analysis of song variation suggests that the species is structured into two populations, corresponding to eastern and western Cuba.<p>The tody, like many resident Cuban bird species, is a habitat generalist. It is known to live in dry lowlands, evergreen forests, coastal vegetation, and near streams and rivers. Cuban toadies may be difficult to see; Vaurie reported, "Only one seen at the Cape, in dense underbrush, but several heard."
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
They often are seen in pairs. When perched, they sometimes repeat a peculiar short "tot-tot-tot-tot", but their most characteristic call is a soft "pprreeee-pprreeee" (which is the origin of its Cuban common name, 'Pedorrera'). Its wings produce a whirring sound that is used during display flights.<p>Nests consist of a tunnel about 30 cm (12 in) long in a clay embankment, with a terminal chamber, although sometimes they use a rotten trunk or tree cavity. They cover the walls of the tunnel and the egg chamber with a thick glue-like substance mixed with grass, lichen, algae, small feathers, and other materials. Three or four eggs are laid and they are incubated by both parents.<p>The diet of the Cuban tody is dominated by insects, but also may include small fruits, small lizards, and spiders. Although the ecology of these birds has been little-studied, they are known to participate in mixed-species flocks. They are also prey used as food items: predators include both the mongoose and humans in poor areas.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Moorland Francolin
Scleroptila psilolaema
A pretty, intricately marked medium-sized francolin. The white throat is spotted with black, and the wings show large rufous patches in flight. Found at high elevations in alpine grassland and heath, often in small groups. Similar to Orange River Francolin, but found in different habitat at higher elevations, and separated by the black-spotted throat. The vocalizations include a series of “cheedle-chee” notes, and a squealing call often given in flight.
Rufous-webbed Brilliant
Heliodoxa branickii
Large, green hummingbird of montane forest. Males have a small red throat patch; females are duller green with a white-speckled belly. Both sexes have reddish-brown coloration on the inner webbing of wing feathers, giving the wings a brownish appearance in flight. Locally distributed, and often quite rare; it seems to be most common on some outlying ridges on the eastern side of the Andes.
Violet-green Swallow
Tachycineta thalassina
A relatively small swallow of western North America. Adult males have a white face and show turquoise-green upperparts and a purple rump in good light. Females and immatures are duller on the upperparts, sometimes just dusky-gray. In flight, note the prominent white "saddlebags" extending up from the underparts to the sides of the rump. Fairly common in a variety of open habitats, often foraging over meadows or ponds. Can be seen in large flocks, sometimes mixed with other species of swallow. Breeds as far north as Alaska; winters primarily in Mexico and northern Central America.
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