Rufous-thighed Kite
Harpagus diodon
Small unobtrusive raptor. Adults have a gray body (darker above than below), and rufous thighs and eyes. The throat is white with a very thin dividing black line helping to distinguish it from the similar Bicolored Hawk. In flight, adults have distinctive rufous underwings (white in juveniles), and three pale bands on the tail. Juveniles are streaked below with barred rufous thighs. Found in the canopy of primary forests and at borders. Often seen soaring high overhead.
识别特征
The rufous-thighed kite is 29 to 35 cm (11 to 14 in) long with a wingspan of 60 to 70 cm (24 to 28 in). The sexes are almost alike though the female is slightly larger than the male. Chestnut thighs give the species its English name. Adults have a slate gray head and upperparts. Their tail is slate gray with three paler gray bars and white tips to the feathers. Their throat is whitish with a dark streak down its center. Their breast is gray that becomes white at the undertail coverts. Their eye is red or orange, their cere lemon yellow, and their legs yellow to orange. Immature birds have dark brown upperparts with streaks on the side of the head; they are whitish below with some darker streaking on the breast and belly and barring on the flanks.
分类信息
Despite its English name, the rufous-thighed kite is not closely related to most other kites but to the "true" hawks. It shares its genus with the double-toothed kite (H. bidentatus) and is monotypic.
- 学名
- Harpagus diodon
- 命名信息
- (Temminck, 1823)
- 目
- Accipitriformes
- 科
- Accipitridae
- 属
- Harpagus
分布与栖息地
The rufous-thighed kite breeds in southern Brazil, northern Argentina, and Paraguay. In the non-breeding season it is regularly found further north in Amazonian Brazil, Bolivia, Guyana, and Suriname. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (SACC) has documented records of vagrancy to French Guiana and Venezuela but has not evaluated a report from Colombia. The SACC also classes the species as hypothetical in Ecuador on the basis of an undocumented sight record.<p>The rufous-thighed kite primarily inhabits lowland rainforest. It favors primary forest but can be found in secondary forest that has aged enough to have a closed canopy. It has been found in both dense and more open forests and even once in a forest patch within the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
The rufous-thighed kite is an austral migrant, moving north from its southerly breeding areas into Amazonia. It has been observed migrating in loose flocks of up to 30 individuals. The knowledge of its migration continues to expand.<p>The rufous-thighed kite hunts within the forest, usually in the middle to upper layers of the canopy. It hunts from a perch and usually seizes its prey from branches rather than in mid-air. Its diet appears to be mostly insects such as cicadas and orthoptera with lesser numbers of small lizards, birds, amphibians, and mammals. It has been observed following army ant swarms and at least once a troop of monkeys to capture prey flushed by them.<p>The rufous-thighed kite's breeding season is October to February, the austral late spring and summer. Its nest is a platform of small sticks placed in a tree fork or on a horizontal branch. The clutch size is one or two eggs. The incubation period is not known; fledging occurs about four weeks after hatch.<p>A fledgling and a parent on the nest gave "high-pitched 'chee' and disyllabic 'chee-weet' begging calls" when the other parent approached with prey. "Adults also give a three-note vocalization."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Inambari Woodcreeper
Lepidocolaptes fatimalimae
Fairly small woodcreeper with a thin, slightly downcurved bill. Extensive streaking on the undersides but almost no streaking on the head or back; when viewed from the back, appears very plain. Olive-brown back and head, often noticeably slightly greener than the rest of the bird. Found mostly in secondary forest, with tall trees and a dense understory. Its song is a descending series of fast whistles, recalling the longer song of White-browed Antbird, or for some, the call of Downy Woodpecker.
Bar-tailed Godwit
Limosa lapponica
Gangly wader with a long bicolored bill. Breeding plumage is dark brick-red below (male) or pale orangey (female); nonbreeding plumage is overall gray-brown with white belly; compare to Black-tailed Godwit. In flight shows rather plain upperwings with only a faint whitish wing stripe; white rump and finely barred tail. Mainly coastal away from tundra breeding grounds. Often in flocks feeding on mudflats and in brackish coastal lagoons, roosting in adjacent freshwater habitats. Feeds by probing its long bill into the mud.
Ochre-lored Flatbill
Tolmomyias flaviventris
Small, yellowish-olive flycatcher that ranges mainly in northern and eastern South America as well eastern Panama. Distinguishing features include its yellow throat and breast, orange face, thick wingbars, and wide bill. Similar to Olive-faced Flycatcher, which used to be considered the same species and called Yellow-breasted Flycatcher. Note their different ranges, which mostly do not overlap. Ochre-lored Flycatcher has a brighter face with a hint of orange, more distinct wingbars, and has a different voice. Its most common call is a piercing whistle given alone or in a slow series. Occasionally also gives well-spaced rasping calls. Inhabits secondary forest and light woodland, usually avoiding the interior of mature forest.
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