Brown Nunlet
Nonnula brunnea
Small puffbird found in in lowland rainforest east of the Andes in Ecuador, northern Peru, and southern Colombia. It has brown upperparts, buffy underparts, and a thin orange eye-ring. The bill is impressively large compared to the overall size of the bird, with long bristles at the base. It inhabits lower to middle levels of the forest, where it perches quietly before sallying out after prey. Typical song is a series of ten or more soft, mellow whistles.
识别特征
The brown nunlet is 14 to 15 cm (5.5 to 5.9 in) long. Its crown and upperparts are plain brown. It has a buffy rufous band from the bill to the eye, a narrow buffy ring around the eye, and dark grayish brown cheeks. The throat and flanks are dark rufous, and the chin and breast pale rufous. The belly is buffy rufous. The bill, eye, and feet are dark.
分类信息
The brown nunlet is monotypic. Its relationship to others of its genus has not been detailed but it is believed to be most closely related to the rusty-breasted nunlet (N. rubecula) and fulvous-chinned nunlet (N. sclateri) and may form a superspecies with them. It has sometimes been considered conspecific with the latter, and alternatively as conspecific with grey-cheeked nunlet (N. frontalis) and rufous-capped nunlet (N. ruficapilla).
- 学名
- Nonnula brunnea
- 命名信息
- Sclater, PL, 1881
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Bucconidae
- 属
- Nonnula
分布与栖息地
The brown nunlet is found from south-central Colombia through eastern Ecuador into northern Peru. It inhabits humid lowland terra firme forest and dense secondary forest. It tends to remain below the canopy. In Ecuador it mostly occurs below 400 m (1,300 ft) of elevation but has been recorded as high as 700 m (2,300 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Almost nothing is known about the brown nunlet's feeding behavior or diet. It has been observed joining flocks of Myrmotherula antwrens.<p>One nest of the brown nunlet was a trench excavated in the ground and roofed with sticks and leaves. Its close relative the rusty-breasted nunlet also nests in a shallow scrape that it covers with twigs and leaves. That species' clutch size is usually four eggs.<p>The brown nunlet's song is "a series of 20–25 'treeu' notes, repeated steadily, starting quietly, building up, and then fading again towards end."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Jungle Bush-Quail
Perdicula asiatica
A small, plump terrestrial bird, roughly spherical in shape. Identified by its rusty throat and rusty-and-white eyebrow. Males have barred underparts while females have uniform pinkish cinnamon underparts. Found in dry stony scrub jungles and dry grasslands. Often seen in groups of 2–7 (but can occur in groups up to 20). Generally secretive until flushed when it suddenly bursts into flight, flying with weak whirring wingbeats low over the ground before quickly dropping into cover. Feeds on grass,seeds, and small insects.
African Hobby
Falco cuvierii
Dark, compact, medium-sized falcon. Blue-gray on the back, black on the head, and rufous below. The adults have faint or no streaking below, while immatures have broad streaks. Flight is fast, direct, and powerful. Most active at dawn and dusk. Local and uncommon in a wide variety of habitats, including forest, forest edge, woodland, and savanna. Sometimes hunts over very open habitats like grassland. Gives “kwe” and “keek” calls. Similar in coloration to Taita Falcon, but has a rufous throat and a longer tail. Separated from Eurasian Hobby by the completely rufous underparts.
Gosling's Apalis
Apalis goslingi
A small, slender plain apalis with sooty-gray upperparts, pale gray underparts, a pale throat, and a shortish white-tipped gray-brown tail; eyes are red-brown. Juvenile is paler than adult, with dingy yellowish underparts. A local resident inhabiting middle levels of both primary and patchy degraded forest, especially along streams, in the northeast Congo Basin, where no similar apalises occur. Vocalizations include a rapid, monotonous strident “swit-swit-swit-swit” and “tet-tet-tet.”
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