Sierra Madre Sparrow

Skulking cloud forest bird endemic to Colombia’s Santa Marta Mountains. Adult has a rusty hood, wings, and tail that contrast with its gray back and belly. Young birds are duller and may show faint barring on the belly. Separated from other similar species in range by its entirely chestnut head and lack of eyebrows and streaking. Shy and often hard to see, usually staying hidden inside foliage at low to middle levels. Frequently sings a strident “pit-pit-pit-chew”; the number of notes is variable.

A bulky, gray-olive white-eye with a dark crown, a pinkish-brown bill, a broad white eye-ring, and a white line from shoulders to flanks. Small to large groups join mixed flocks in forest and plantation throughout São Tomé, but it prefers highland forest above 900 meters. Its loud, rolling musical song is one of the dominant sounds on the island, but it also gives a demure chittering. Black-capped Speirops may join the same flocks as Sao Tome White-eye, which is slightly smaller and duller, without the distinctive dark cap. 

Large frogmouth of Borneo’s central mountains. Inhabits foothill forest (typically 600–1230 m). Heavyset, with a whiskered face and bright white spots on the wings. Similar Large Frogmouth is generally found at lower elevations; Dulit has broader (as opposed to Large’s sharply triangular) white wing spots, strong pale barring on the throat, and overall darker coloration. Song is a low, resonant, melancholy-sounding “hooooo’m”; call consists of barks, typically given in pairs: “woo’WUP!”.